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翰韵典库a>成语词典为渊驱鱼,为丛驱雀为渊驱鱼,为丛驱雀的故事
为渊驱鱼,为丛驱雀的成语故事
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拼音wèi yuān qū yú,wèi cóng qū què
基本解释比喻为政不善,人心涣散,使百姓投向敌方。同“为渊驱鱼,为丛驱爵”。
出处清·新广东武生《黄萧养回头》:“大小文武官员,都是助纣为虐,为渊驱鱼,为丛驱雀,甚非计也。”
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为渊驱鱼,为丛驱雀的典故
某一日,孟子的几个学生针对夏、商两朝灭亡的原因展开了激烈地辩论。天命派认为桀和纣的灭亡是天意,人的力量没法与天意抗衡。有人立即反驳说:“明明是人意嘛,哪里是什么天意!孔子‘说:‘天何能言?以人代言之。’即使是天意,也是通过人力来实现的。把一切因果都说成天意,人的努力还有什么意义呢?”双方争执不下,一道去请教孟子。孟子仔细听了双方争执的理由,分析道:“桀和纣之所以灭国亡身,不是什么天意,原因在于他们失去了民心,一个失掉百姓支持的国君当然要失败了。
一个君主要想取得天下,都必须遵循一个原则,那就是首先取得百姓们的支持,百姓不支持的事情肯定办不成。怎样才能取得百姓支持呢?方法也很简单,那就是深得民心。民心是很容易争取的。”这时有人提出质疑:“纣王造鹿台,百姓并不支持,但百姓被迫无奈,还是把鹿台造起来了。”孟子说:“鹿台是造起来了,但纣王却为这件事惹怒了百姓,纣王最后还是自杀了。这样看来,鹿台建成对纣王而言并不是什么好事呀。”有的学生不愿问题节外生枝,对孟子说:“先生,您还是说说桀纣亡天下的原因吧。”孟子说:“好吧,我们回到原来的话题。还是先说说怎样取得民心:首先是为百姓着想,做百姓喜欢的事情,解决百姓的疾苦,让他们有房住,有衣穿,有饭吃。凡是百姓讨厌的事情就万万不可去做,更不能强迫他们去做。”孟子说得有些兴奋,站起来继续说:“我打个比方,国君施行仁政,爱护百姓,百姓就像百川归海一样涌向国君的周围。你们都知道,水獭是专门靠吃鱼为生的,水獭一经出现,鱼类必然潜往深水;鹰隼专吃小鸟,小马看到鹰隼了一定会飞向树林深处。所以说,是水獭代替深水将鱼儿赶来,鹰隼为丛林聚积鸟类,故为渊驱鱼者,獭也;为丛驱雀者,鹯(zhān)也。由此可见,是桀纣把百姓驱赶到商汤王和周武王那儿去的。总之,梁纣的灭亡是因为人心向背,绝非什么天意。天意大难把握了,我们还是多尽人力吧。”弟子们听了,都表示满意。
任何君主残酷剥削百姓,使百姓活不下去,百姓必然奋起反抗,最终导致改朝换代。中国的26部史书记录26个朝代的兴亡史,考其缘由,就是亡国之君见利忘义,干下了“为渊驱鱼,为丛驱雀”的蠢事。
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