赠诸游旧诗
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南北朝]：何逊
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弱操不能植，薄伎竞无依。
浅智终已矣，令名安可希。
扰扰从役倦，屑屑身事微。
少壮轻年月，迟暮惜光辉。
一涂今未是，万绪昨如非。
新知虽已乐，旧爱尽暌违。
望乡空引领，极目泪沾衣。
旅客长憔悴，春物自芳菲。
岸花临水发，江燕绕樯飞。
无由下征帆，独与暮潮归。
赠诸游旧诗译文及注释
译文
自己天生孱弱，不堪造就，没有一技之长不能被人重用。
终究是才疏智浅，也不奢求能够美名远扬。
终日碌碌无为，纷纷扰扰的游宦生活已让人感到厌倦。
年轻的时候常常不知道时光的宝贵，等到老了才懂得珍惜光阴。
想到坎坷仕途，就觉得做官是一大失策，弃官归田才是正确的选择。
很开心能结交新的知己，但是与曾经的老朋友分离也让人心中愁闷。
引领远望，故乡渺邈，归思难收，泪洒衣襟。
长期的游宦生活与思乡之苦，让人形容憔悴，争芳斗妍的春草春花也已无心欣赏。
两岸鲜花临水盛开，江上春燕恋人，绕船飞翔。
如果能够乘船顺流而下，就可以随长江落潮归去啊。
注释
一涂：同“一途”，即指仕途。
新知：新结交的知己。
旧爱：家乡旧友。
暌违：分离，别离。
征帆：指远行的船。
赠诸游旧诗鉴赏
这首诗可分两大部分。前十句为第一部分，感叹自己才疏智浅，游宦无成。何逊虽年少成名，但遭梁武帝疏远，对他来说，不能不是一个沉重的打击。他慨叹自己天生孱弱，不堪造就，缺乏一技之长，不能被人重用。既然才疏智浅，就不能希求美名远扬。自己干的都是一些琐碎细事，终日碌碌无为，纷纷扰扰的游宦生活已使他感到厌倦。年少无知，轻掷岁月倒也罢了，而今老大，始感光阴之宝贵，亦悟仕途之误人。“一涂今未是，万绪昨如非”，这是作者历经仕途坎坷后的经验之谈。“一涂”，同“一途”，即指仕途。谢朓《酬王晋安德元》诗云：“怅望一途阻，参差百虑依。”亦同此意，但态度没有如此决绝。误落尘网中，一去几十年。正如陶渊明《归去来兮辞》说的那样：“悟已往之不谏，知来者之可追。实迷途其未远，觉今是而昨非。”于是作者想到了归隐。
后十句为第二部分，抒发了作者的思乡念旧之情。“新知虽已乐”是虚，是官场中的客套话。而“旧爱尽暌违”是实，是作者的心里话。这里的“旧爱”，主要指的是家乡的老朋友。扰扰游宦子，尽别故乡人。正如潘岳在《闲居赋序》中说的：“太夫人在堂，有羸老之疾，尚何能违膝下色养，而屑屑从斗筲之役乎？”于是，他引领远望，故乡渺邈，归思难收，不禁泪洒衣襟了。但官身不自由，思归不能归，所以说“望乡空引领”。一个“空”字，多少惆怅，多少伤感！长期的游宦生活与折磨人的思乡之苦，使作者形容憔悴，这与争芳斗妍的春草春花形成了鲜明的对比。“春物自芳菲”，有着两层含意：一是大好春光自是大自然的赐予，与作者是不相干的；一是心情恶劣的作者，无心欣赏这大好春色，一任春花春草自芳菲。一个“自”字，就把孤独苦闷的“旅客”——作者自己，与花香鸟语的大好春天对立起来。这使读者们想起了大诗人杜甫《蜀相》中的两句诗：“映阶碧草自春色，隔叶黄鹂空好音。”这“自”字、“空”字的用法，说不定是受了何逊诗的启发。但大自然终是有情的。两岸鲜花有意，临水盛开，以悦人情致；江上春燕恋人，绕船飞翔，似惹人乡思。这即目所见，更加触动了作者的乡愁。于是他幻想乘船顺流而下，独与暮潮东归。但这是不可能的，所以说“无由”，真是无可奈何！何逊赴任郢州（今湖北武昌）在西，而他的故乡东海郯（今山东郯城西）及其久居的京都建康（今江苏南京）在东，随长江落潮正可归去，故云“独与暮潮归”。作者《渡连圻二首》其二云：“暮潮还入浦，夕鸟飞向家。触目皆乡思，何时见狭邪？”难怪诗人面对暮潮是那么一往情深了。但“潮归人不归”（刘长卿《和州送人归复郢》），滚滚东去的暮潮只好把诗人的乡思带回去了。结尾给人留下无穷的回味。读者读罢诗，仿佛也体味到了诗人那刻骨的乡愁和凄苦的心情。
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上一首：
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何逊《
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日夕出富阳浦口和朗公诗》
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何逊《
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赠诸游旧诗》
何逊简介
唐代·何逊的简介
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南朝梁诗人，字仲言，东海郯(今山东省苍山县长城镇)人，何承天曾孙，宋员外郎何翼孙，齐太尉中军参军何询子。八岁能诗，弱冠州举秀才，官至尚书水部郎。诗与阴铿齐名，世号阴何。文与刘孝绰齐名，世称何刘。其诗善於写景，工于炼字。为杜甫所推许，有集八卷，今失传，明人辑有何水部集一卷。后人称"何记室"或"何水部"。
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