一半儿·落花
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元代]：张可久
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酒边红树碎珊瑚，楼下名姬坠绿珠，枝上翠阴啼鹧鸪。谩嗟吁，一半儿因风一半儿雨。
一半儿·落花译文及注释
译文
这落花像酒桌上击碎了珊瑚树，红色的碎片四下散抛；又像名姬绿珠从楼上坠下，玉殒香消。枝上换成了一片翠绿，鹧鸪在叶荫间哀怨地啼叫。我禁不住为落花叹息，可惜只是徒劳，一半儿是因为风狂，一半儿是因为雨暴。
注释
绿珠：西晋石崇的歌姬，后为报主知遇之恩而坠楼自杀。
谩：徒然。
一半儿·落花鉴赏
《世说新语》载西晋时石崇与王恺斗富，王恺是国戚，得到晋武帝的援助，赐他一株二尺来高的珊瑚树，作为炫耀的资本。殊不料石崇举起铁如意，当场狠命一击，珊瑚宝树顿时应声而碎。石崇随即取出六七株三四尺高的珊瑚树作为赔偿，王恺羞惭而去。这段故事并非发生在“酒边”，但该篇首句的“碎珊瑚”，无疑是化用了这则典故。“酒边”是为了加映珊瑚之红，而以宝物的碎溅来比喻落花的飞散，于形象之外更有一种触目惊心的效果。
第二句的用典也与石崇沾边，即著名的“金谷园绿珠坠楼”。侍中孙秀垂涎石崇的爱姬绿珠，指名索取，石崇坚决拒绝。孙秀就矫诏逮捕了石崇。《晋书·石崇传》对此有一段简练而传神的叙写：“崇正宴于楼上，介士到门。崇谓绿珠曰：‘我今为尔得罪。’绿珠泣曰：‘当效死于官前。’因自投于楼下而死。”以美人坠楼喻落花殒香，同样是既逼真又惨怛。“日暮东风怨啼鸟，落花犹似坠楼人。”（杜牧《金谷园》）可见这一比喻是诗人的通感。
第三句语意直白，不像再有什么故实，但仍使读者不禁联想起杜牧的《叹花》：“自是寻春去较迟，不须惆怅怨芳时。狂风落尽深红色，绿叶成阴子满枝。”“狂风落尽深红色”，不就是“落花”命运的写照。作者在“绿叶成阴”即所谓“枝上翠阴”中，还添上了“鹧鸪”的悲啼，让它来悲挽落花的飞尽。元诗人萨都剌《过嘉兴》：“春风一曲鹧鸪吟，花落莺啼满城绿。”可见“啼鹧鸪”确是落花时节固有的景观。
小令的这三句鼎足对，首句从树上繁英纷落的角度着笔，即所谓花雨；次句则是落花飘坠的特写，暗含“一片花飞减却春”（杜甫《曲江》句）的寓意；第三句返回枝上，则是绿叶成荫，片红全无，彻底消抹了落花的存在。这样的三部曲步步推进，转接无痕，使人浑然不觉对仗的存在，却强烈地表达出“林花谢了春红，太匆匆！”（李煜《乌夜啼》）的惋伤。
诗人把落花的蒙难归咎于风雨，两者各负“一半儿”责任。“谩嗟吁”，则一派无可奈何花落去的神情。与张可久同时的曲家徐再思，也有一首《一半儿·落花》：“河阳香散唤提壶，金谷魂销啼鹧鸪，隋苑春归闻杜宇。片红无，一半儿狂风一半儿雨。”两曲不存在渊源关系，却出现了结尾的巧合，可见“风雨落花愁”的意识，在古人是根深蒂固的。
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赵鼎《
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乔吉《
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水仙子·游越福王府》
张可久简介
唐代·张可久的简介
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张可久（约1270～1348以后）字小山（一说名伯远，字可久，号小山）（《尧山堂外纪》）；一说名张可久肖像（林晋生作）可久，字伯远，号小山（《词综》）；又一说字仲远，号小山（《四库全书总目提要》），庆元（治所在今浙江宁波鄞县）人，元朝重要散曲家，剧作家，与乔吉并称“双壁”，与张养浩合为“二张”。
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