惜秋华·木芙蓉
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宋代]：吴文英
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路远仙城，自王郎去后，芳卿憔悴。锦段镜空，重铺步障新绮。凡花瘦不禁秋，幻腻玉、腴红鲜丽。相携。试新妆乍毕，交扶轻醉。
长记断桥外。骤玉骢过处，千娇凝睇。昨梦顿醒，依约旧时眉翠。愁边暮合碧云，倩唱入、六幺声里。风起。舞斜阳、阑干十二。
惜秋华·木芙蓉鉴赏
《惜秋华》，梦窗词入夹钟商。双调，九十三字，上片四仄韵，下片六仄韵。《梦窗词集》收此词调五首，也因句逗有异可分为三格：上片八句，下片九句一格；上下片各九句一格；上片十句，下片九句一格。
“木芙蓉”，亦略称为芙蓉。韩愈有木芙蓉诗，今俗名酒醉芙蓉。
“路远”三句，引神话传说入手。“仙城”，即原注中的芙蓉城。事见胡微之《芙蓉城传》，略云：王迥，子高。初遇一女，自言周太尉女，萁契当侍巾帻；自此攸忽来去。一夕，梦周道服而至，谓王曰：“我居幽僻，君能一往否？”王喜而从之。过一岭，至一殿宇，殿上卷帘，有美丈夫朝服凭几，少顷帘下，周与王登东廊之楼，梁上题曰：“碧云。”王未及下，一女郎登，年可十五，容色娇媚，亦周之比；周谓王曰：“此芳卿也。”梦之明日，周来，王语以梦，问何地。周曰：“芙蓉城也。”王问芳卿何姓。曰：“与我同。”按：苏轼的《芙蓉城诗序》云“世传王迥子高遇仙人周瑶英游芙蓉城。元丰元年三月，余始识子高，问之信然，乃作此诗。”梦窗系用胡微之、苏轼的“王子高芙蓉城遇仙”的传说以应题。此言芙蓉仙城离开这里是非常遥远的，自从王子高离开那里之后，原先容颜娇媚的周芳卿，因思念“王郎”之故，已变得面目憔悴。“锦段”两句。言仙女“芳卿”为了要来寻找“王郎”，从芙蓉城出来，用锦段铺设步障，竟把所有的锦段都用上了。此也点出“路远”也。步障：古代显贵出行所设的屏蔽风寒尘土的行幕。《晋书·石崇传》：“崇与贵戚王恺、羊琇之徒，以奢靡相尚。恺作紫丝布步障四十里，崇作锦步障五十里以敌之。”“凡花”两句，以对比突出木芙蓉花。言世俗的花娇嫩而不禁秋风摧残，可是沾有仙气的木芙蓉花就不同了，它在秋阳中将花开得丰腴鲜丽、红白相间，煞是好看。“相携”三句，见花致幻。言词人见了木芙蓉花后，仿佛又看到它幻化成仙女“芳卿”，且携着王子高翩翩而来，他们俩穿着新奇的服装，交颈共杯，以期一醉。上片引典故而用幻写真。
“长记”三句，忆旧。言自己想起经常骑着玉骢马匆匆路过西湖断桥边时，也曾看见那里有一丛木芙蓉，想来此时花也一定开得千娇百美，使路人侧目凝望。“昨梦”两句，记梦。词人说：昨天夜里我曾梦见过一丛不知名姓的异花，现在看了木芙蓉后，才恍然醒悟，原来梦中也是此花啊！“愁边”四句，再起幻觉。言词人担心夜暮降临而遮没了“碧云楼”（亦即眼前的木芙蓉）的真面目，不觉又幻想起能邀请来仙子“芳卿”，为他唱起动人的《六么》曲，并在金风夕照中为他翩翩而舞。而自己也在兴奋地和着舞曲的节奏，拍遍了重台栏干。下片由眼前之花忆旧、入幻。
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王安石《
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示长安君》
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李白《
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赠友人三首》
吴文英简介
唐代·吴文英的简介
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吴文英（约1200～1260），字君特，号梦窗，晚年又号觉翁，四明（今浙江宁波）人。原出翁姓，后出嗣吴氏。与贾似道友善。有《梦窗词集》一部，存词三百四十余首，分四卷本与一卷本。其词作数量丰沃，风格雅致，多酬答、伤时与忆悼之作，号“词中李商隐”。而后世品评却甚有争论。
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不是城中是甑中，雨余日色更明红。
若为飞上金山顶，独立长江万里风。
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松风写谡谡，峡水常湲湲。想彼三郎流，听之早欲眠。
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去腊此时逐武冈，星沙今日又何忙。已舒暖意归杨柳，犹觉寒风透客裳。
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