昭君怨·送别
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宋代]：苏轼
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谁作桓伊三弄，惊破绿窗幽梦？新月与愁烟，满江天。
欲去又还不去，明日落花飞絮。飞絮送行舟，水东流。
昭君怨·送别译文及注释
译文
在夜深人静的时候，远处传来悠扬的笛声，不知是哪位吹笛者，将人从好梦中惊醒。推开窗户，只见江天茫茫，天上挂着一弯孤单的明月。
明日分别时，送别的人当站立江边，久久不愿回去。多情的柳絮，像是明白他的心意，追逐行舟，代人送行。而滔滔江水，依旧东流入海。
注释
昭君怨：词牌名。又名“宴西园”“一痕沙”。全词四十字，四换韵，两仄两平递转，上下片同。
金山：位于江苏镇江，宋时为长江中岛屿，现已与长江南岸相连。柳子玉：即柳瑾，字子玉，北宋书法家，苏轼的亲戚。
桓伊三弄：桓伊，字叔夏，小字子野。东晋时音乐家，善吹笛，为江南第一。
绿窗：罩有碧纱的窗子，诗词中多指女子居室。
欲去又还不去：欲去还留恋，终于不得不去。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋 等．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（唐·五代·北宋）．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：668-670
2、李静 等．唐诗宋词鉴赏大全集．北京：华文出版社，2009：252-253
3、陈如江．一蓑烟雨任平生：东坡词．济南：山东文艺出版社，2014：64-65
昭君怨·送别创作背景
这首词作于宋神宗熙宁七年（1074年）二月，是作者为送别柳子玉（名瑾）而作。熙宁六年（1073年）十一月，苏轼时任杭州通判，赴常州、润州一带赈饥，恰好柳子玉赴舒州之灵仙观，二人便结伴同行。次年二月，苏轼在金山（润州西北长江中）送别柳子玉，并作此词相赠。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋 等．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（唐·五代·北宋）．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：668-670
昭君怨·送别鉴赏
此词上片前二句“谁作桓伊三弄，惊破绿窗幽梦”，写离别前的晚上，在夜深人静的时候，不知是谁吹起了优美的笛曲，将人从梦中惊醒。从“惊破”一词来看，对梦被惊醒似有怨恨之意。夜听名曲，本是赏心乐事，却引起了怨恨；而一旦梦醒，离愁就随之袭来，可见是个好梦。后二句“新月与愁烟，满江天”描述了这样的情景：推开窗户，不知是要追寻那悠扬的笛声，还是要寻回梦中的欢愉，只见江天茫茫，空荡荡的天上，挂著一弯孤单的新月，凄冷地望著人间。江天之际，迷迷蒙蒙、混混沌沌，那是被愁闷化作的烟雾塞满了。
下片遥想“明日”分别的情景。“欲去又还不去”，道了千万声珍重，但迟迟没有成行。二月春深，将是“落花飞絮”的时节，景象凄迷，那时别情更使人黯然。“飞絮送行舟，水东流。”设想离别的人终于走了，船儿离开江岸渐渐西去。送别的人站立江边，引颈远望，不愿离开，只有那多情的柳絮，像是明白人的心愿，追逐着行舟，代替人送行。而滔滔江水，全不理解人的心情，依旧东流入海。以“流水无情”反衬人之有情，有借“飞絮送行舟”表达人的深厚情意，结束全词，分外含蓄隽永。词所谓明日送行舟，未必即谓作此词的第二日开船，须作稍微宽泛的理解。诗集送柳子玉诗称“先生官罢乘风去”之后，复数有游宴之事，子玉始成行，可参。
通观全词，没有写一句惜别的话，没有强烈激切的抒情。将情感融入景物，此词上片写送别情景，以景色作为笛声的背景，情景交融地渲染出送别时的感伤氛围。下片运用叠句造境传情，想象次日分别的情景，大大扩展了离情别绪的空间。如此虚实结合，渲染出一种强烈的情感氛围，使读者受到极强的艺术感染这是本词的艺术魅力所在。在众多的景物之中，又挑出一二件，直接赋予它们生命，起到画龙点睛的作用，使所有的自然物都生气勃勃，整个艺术画面都活跃起来，这是本词的艺术特色。上片用“愁”写烟，使新月也带上了强烈的感情色彩；下片用“送”状柳絮，使之与东去的流水对比而生情。而“愁烟”和“飞絮”在形态上又有共同之处，它们都是飘忽不定、迷迷蒙蒙的自然物；它们轻虚空灵，似乎毫无重量，不可捕捉，但又能无限扩散，弥漫整个宇宙，用它们象征人世的漂泊不定，传达出迷蒙怅惘、拂之不去的眷恋之情，那是再妙不过的了。但作者似乎是随手占来，毫不费力，只道眼前所见，显得极其自然。这正是词人的高超之处。
此词上片写送别情景，以景色作为笛声的背景，情景交融地渲染出送别时的感伤氛围；下片运用叠句造境传情，想象来日分别的情景，大大扩展了离情别绪的空间。全词虚实结合，渲染出一种强烈的情感氛围，具有极强的艺术感染力。
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苏轼《
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昭君怨·送别》
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刘琨《
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重赠卢谌》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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