河渎神·河上望丛祠
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唐代]：温庭筠
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河上望丛祠，庙前春雨来时。楚山无限鸟飞迟，兰棹空伤别离。
何处杜鹃啼不歇？艳红开尽如血。蝉鬓美人愁绝，百花芳草佳节。
河渎神·河上望丛祠译文及注释
译文
从河上看到，古祠隐约在树丛里，茫茫楚山笼罩着蒙蒙春雨。眷恋的鸟缓缓飞去，带走欸乃的船桨，唱着孤独的别离。
子规何处哀啼，染红杜鹃带血的心曲。相思欲绝的相思女，鬓发飘零如蝉翼。更难堪百花红艳，芳草茵绿，佳节又添相思意。
注释
河渎神：唐教坊曲名，后用为词牌名。双片四十九字。花庵《唐宋诸贤绝妙词选》云：“唐词多缘题，所赋《河渎神》则咏祠庙。”
丛祠：建在树丛中的古祠。一说解为很多庙宇。
兰棹：指用兰香木所造的船，泛指精美的船。棹，船桨，这里以“桨”代船。
杜鹃：又名杜宇、子规。
蝉鬓（bìn）：古代妇女的一种发式。愁绝：愁极。
参考资料：
1、邱美琼 胡建次．温庭筠词全集汇校汇注汇评．武汉：崇文书局，2015：67-69
2、房开江 崔黎民．花间集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1997：54-55
河渎神·河上望丛祠创作背景
《河渎神》词调本意为咏祠庙，此词则不拘于调名本意，虽然也是咏河神祠庙之事，而意在展示男女间的离情别绪，是温庭筠众多以女性为题材的作品之一，其具体创作时间未能确证。
参考资料：
1、邱美琼 胡建次．温庭筠词全集汇校汇注汇评．武汉：崇文书局，2015：67-69
河渎神·河上望丛祠鉴赏
这首词虽然应词牌名写了祠庙，但其作意在于表现女子的离情别绪，展示男女间的爱恋情愫。
上片立足于“望”，着眼于“别”。“河上”点明女主人公所在船上。“丛祠”以下，皆为望中所见，也渗透望中所感：春雨蒙蒙，正好巧妙带出离别时的迷茫心境；江天寥阔，楚山有情，鸟似恋春而迟飞，这实在也是离人情怀的曲折表达、感情的外射；“兰棹”句更为婉转深透，见船而联想到郎君的远离。而棹从水中举起，水珠滴下，也有如惜别的眼泪，更修饰以“空”字，无情有理，进入一层，看似痴想，实则深厚，不言人情而人情自见。
下片紧接上片的一个“伤”字，纵笔驰骋，远扬开去。开始二句借物寄怨。杜鹃的啼叫声是“不如归去”，杜鹃花开，夫君应该返回。而现实是他偏偏离去了。杜鹃啼声已使人不堪，又见花开如血，这正好反衬出离情的痛楚。思路回环，笔情跳脱，并用“不歇”状声，“如血”烘色，更使哀情激越，如泣如诉。末二句从对方入手，设想心上人也在为离别忧愁，以彼衬此，把离情推进一层；同时用人美、时美，反衬伤时、伤怀。
全词以写景为主，借景抒情，以其情真，深婉感人，一改《河渎神》词调本意，为一大创新。同时词人以灵活之笔，刻画相思愁情，参差错落，意境浑然。
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白居易《
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邻女》
温庭筠简介
唐代·温庭筠的简介
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温庭筠（约812—866）唐代诗人、词人。本名岐，字飞卿，太原祁（今山西祁县东南）人。富有天才，文思敏捷，每入试，押官韵，八叉手而成八韵，所以也有“温八叉”之称。然恃才不羁，又好讥刺权贵，多犯忌讳，取憎于时，故屡举进士不第，长被贬抑，终生不得志。官终国子助教。精通音律。工诗，与李商隐齐名，时称“温李”。其诗辞藻华丽，秾艳精致，内容多写闺情。其词艺术成就在晚唐诸词人之上，为“花间派”首要词人，对词的发展影响较大。在词史上，与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”。存词七十余首。后人辑有《温飞卿集》及《金奁集》。
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