夜坐吟
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唐代]：李贺
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踏踏马蹄谁见过？眼看北斗直天河。
西风罗幕生翠波，铅华笑妾颦青娥。
为君起唱长相思，帘外严霜皆倒飞。
明星烂烂东方陲，红霞稍出东南涯，陆郎去矣乘斑骓。
夜坐吟译文及注释
译文
得得的蹄声，是谁在骑马走过？夜已深沉，北斗星正指向天河。
凄冷的西风掀动罗幕的波纹，脸上的残粉似笑我双眉紧锁。
站起身来，唱一支相思的歌曲，幽怨的歌音逼退帘外的霜色。
恍惚间启明星在东方升起，灿烂后天边透出朝霞一叶。我难忘此情此景，也是这时你跨上马与我相别。
注释
踏踏：马蹄声。
直：当，临。
罗幕：罗帐。
铅华：妆饰用粉。颦（pín）：皱眉。青娥：指女子用青黛画的眉。
长相思：乐府旧题，多写朋友或男女久别思念之情。
明星灿灿：天色将晓，启明星灿灿有光。陲（chuí）：边地。
陆郎：六朝陈人，本名陆瑜，为陈后主狎客，后用来代指嫖客。斑骓（zhuī）：有苍黑杂毛的马。
参考资料：
1、李志敏．唐诗名篇鉴赏：京华出版社，2011：293
2、黄玉蓉．李贺李商隐诗选：黄山书社，2008：64
3、徐传武．李贺诗集译注：山东教育出版社，1992：358-359
4、滕学钦．李贺诗歌全集简疏今译：中国书店，2010：223
夜坐吟创作背景
这首诗或于作者任职长安之际，具体创作年代不详。鲍照、李白的《夜坐吟》中，主人公都不是夜吟者，而是夜吟的听闻者；李贺这首《夜坐吟》中，诗中主人公为夜吟者，以思妇颦蛾夜吟而愁，写其难遇之恨。
参考资料：
1、闵泽平．李贺全集：崇文书局，2015：190
2、丁敏翔．唐诗鉴赏大全集：中国华侨出版社，2012：503
夜坐吟鉴赏
这首诗以设问开篇，“马蹄踏踏谁见过？”这话既像是问自己，又像是问别人，表达了女主人公希望和失望相交织的复杂心情：心上人是骑着马儿离去的，至今不见归来，唯有“踏踏”的马蹄声不时回响在耳边，萦绕在心上。接着展示夜不能寐，坐而吟唱的特定时空。“眼看北斗直天河”，这句有双重含义，一指“夜深”，如注家所诠释的；一指时届凉秋。古人有依据星象的变化来确定季节的习惯，所谓“斗柄指东，天下皆春；斗柄指南，天下皆夏；斗柄指西，天下皆秋；斗柄指北，天下皆冬”，按北斗星位置的变化来分辨四季，当玉衡、开阳、摇光三星连成的线直指西方的银河时，这片土地便已进入秋天。秋天是自然界由盛而衰的季节，传递秋的信息的是西风和落叶，它们都引发人的伤感之情。况且正值华年，在饱尝别离的痛苦之后，独守深闺空闱之中，长夜漫漫，能不愁肠百结？“铅华笑妾颦青娥”，正是这种愁苦神情的写照。
人的愁苦愈积愈深，到了不堪忍受的程度，势必要设法排遣。“为君起唱《长相思》”，就是女主人公选择的排解方式。她的歌声是从内心深处流淌出来的，饱含爱恋，贯串精诚。精诚所至，金石为开，连无情的“严霜”也为之动情，竟至掉头而去，不忍卒听。“帘外严霜皆倒飞”，想象奇诡，极富表现力。比起《金铜仙人辞汉歌》中的“天若有情天亦老”来似更进一层，因为“天若”句有比喻词“若”，系或然之辞，而此句表达得如此坚决，就象实际发生的那样，不仅有形体，而且有气势，使难于捉摸的情幻成新奇美妙、可见可感的物象。这就是艺术魅力之所在。
女主人公感情的可贵突出地呈现在一个“长”字上。自朝到暮，从昏到晓，她的心始终伴随着离去者的身影和“踏踏”的马啼，融进一片痴情。她彻夜难眠，长想思，至于长吟唱，抒发着无尽的恋情，直至东方发白，朝霞升起。她是如此的一往情深，忠贞不渝，而对方，“陆郎去矣乘斑骓”，毫无顾恋之意。多情换来薄情，女主人公徒然陷入痛苦的深渊。“陆郎”具体解释诸本不尽相同。徐文长说是陆贾，“贾在南中，倡家竞留之。”暗示女主人公是青楼中人。王琦以《明下童曲》为本，注云“陈孔，谓陈宣、孔范，陆谓陆瑜，皆陈后主狎客。”狎客薄情，司空见惯，王注似与诗的本意相合。
仔细品味，此诗与鲍照、李白的同题作品有明显的区别。后二者属“听歌逐音，因音托意”一类，女主人公不是歌唱者，而是在聆听所爱的歌声之后，为之沉吟久坐，抒发爱慕的情意，属“投桃报李”式的情感交流，带有喜剧性质；此诗中的坐吟、起唱者皆为女主人公，男方则无反应，以多情烘托无情，更具悲剧效果。就体式而言，鲍照和李白的作品有七字句，也有三字句，属杂言体；李贺的这首则全是七言句，类似七言歌行。这些表明李贺创作诗歌不愿受前人的缚束，他的主体意识相当浓烈，力图充分表达自我。袭用旧题系出于表情达意的需要，而非模仿的冲动。善于渲染是李贺诗歌的一大特色。这首诗中就多借景抒情的笔墨，不同寻常的是，景物描写不仅仅用作陪衬而已，常常成为题材的主体部分。例如“为君起唱《长相思》，帘外严霜皆倒飞。”乍看起来前一句是叙事。抒情，后一句是写景。经过仔细体味，就会清楚地认识到两者都是叙事、抒情、写景的结合体，不过一者常，一者变；一者正，一者奇而已。“帘外”句运思奇诡，却不难体味。用奇诡的物象和境界，表达几乎人人都能体味的情理，正是李贺的特长，也是他的诗歌独具的艺术价值。
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朱淑真《
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生查子·年年玉镜台》
李贺简介
唐代·李贺的简介
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李贺（约公元791年-约817年），字长吉，汉族，唐代河南福昌（今河南洛阳宜阳县）人，家居福昌昌谷，后世称李昌谷，是唐宗室郑王李亮后裔。有“诗鬼”之称，是与“诗圣”杜甫、“诗仙”李白、“诗佛”王维相齐名的唐代著名诗人。著有《昌谷集》。李贺是中唐的浪漫主义诗人，与李白、李商隐称为唐代三李。有“‘太白仙才，长吉鬼才’之说。李贺是继屈原、李白之后，中国文学史上又一位颇享盛誉的浪漫主义诗人。李贺长期的抑郁感伤，焦思苦吟的生活方式，元和八年（813年）因病辞去奉礼郎回昌谷，27岁英年早逝。
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胡天游
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昔我之来柳依依，今我之别山川落叶声离离。停杯抚剑不能别，此别不饮将何如。
长鱼横盘尾如帚，六龙行炙膳夫手。我自长歌子有酒，男儿快意三百杯。
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权知吉州九日感赋
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清代：
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张联箕
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空庭惟落叶，闭户见秋山。雉堞连云暗，溪流抱郭湾。
白衣人寂寞，黄菊色斑斓。徒有{罒羊}门役，登登版筑间。