广宣上人频见过
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唐代]：韩愈
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三百六旬长扰扰，不冲风雨即尘埃。
久惭朝士无裨补，空愧高僧数往来。
学道穷年何所得，吟诗竟日未能回。
天寒古寺游人少，红叶窗前有几堆。
广宣上人频见过译文及注释
译文
广宣上人一年到头不停地来拜访我，风雨无阻灰尘也难挡。
一直都很惭愧对朝中大臣没有什么助益，也辜负了高僧屡屡造访的心意。
经年累月学习儒家圣人之道却没有太多的收获，整日吟诗也顾不上回到住所。
天气寒冷寺庙中的游人很少，不知道窗前堆积了多少红叶。
注释
广宣上人：生平不详。上人，对僧侣的尊称。
三百六旬：一年到头，这里是经常之意。扰扰：忙乱的样子。
冲：冒过，撞过。
惭：一作“为”。朝士：朝官。裨（bì）补：有所补益。
道：这里指儒家之道。
回：回来，或者理解为回复。
参考资料：
1、孙建军等主编.《全唐诗》选注 （1-16册）：线装书局,2002.01：2722
2、张敏杰，张瑞麒编著.韩愈：五洲传播出版社,2008.07：69-73
广宣上人频见过创作背景
这首诗作于唐宪宗元和九年（814），此时诗人在京城任职。广宣上人是一位很活跃的诗僧，以诗文和京城中的士大夫结交。诗人对广宣上人的频频造访甚感厌烦，因此写下了这首诗。
参考资料：
1、张敏杰，张瑞麒编著.韩愈：五洲传播出版社,2008.07：69-73
广宣上人频见过鉴赏
诗的首联把“扰扰”和“风雨”、“尘埃”放在一起形成鲜明对比，刻画出殷勤来访、奔走于权贵之门的上人形象。“扰扰”表明了诗人无奈而不堪的心情。《诗经·风雨》中有“风雨凄凄，鸡鸣喈喈。既见君子，云胡不夷”，表达见到朋友时平静又喜悦的心情。诗人在这句中也暗用“风雨”的典故，却是在委婉表达对广宣上人频频造访的不满。
颔联说到自己辜负了高僧屡屡造访的心意，说的显然是反话，可以理解为是对广宣上人拜访的委婉谢绝。“惭”、“愧”连用，诗人在自谦的同时，表达出他和上人在立身处世问题上的不同见解，他们之间有不可逾越的隔阂。
颈联仍是自谦，说自己读书没有收获。其中的“未能回”可以理解为没有回去，或者也可以理解为广宣上人以诗相赠，诗人自谦才疏学浅，整日推敲也无法答复。不管怎么说，这都是对广宣上人的回绝。诗人强调他学习的是儒家圣道，推崇的是孔孟之学，暗含他和上人之间有“道不同不相为谋”的意思。
尾联提到了“红叶”有几堆，在王维《山中》有“荆溪白石出，天寒红叶稀”句，“天寒红叶”的意象刻画出清冷寂寞的初冬景象。诗人化用王维诗意，表达他对上人的微讽之意。广宣上人的住所是寺庙，但他整日在外奔走，以至于很少待在寺庙之中。诗人说红叶堆积，无人打扫，旨在劝这位上人当回到寺庙之中。这仍然是在委婉表达对广宣上人的不满。
韩愈一生以弘扬儒家之道为己任，排斥佛老等学说。但偏偏有所谓高僧广宣上人，频频以诗文讨教。诗人出于礼貌，又不能不略为敷衍，但内心深处对于这种奔走于权贵之门的僧人，是非常无奈而又鄙薄的。诗题中的“频”字已经表达出不耐之情。诗人采用了委婉暗示的手法，向广宣上人说明他的态度。诗人自谦的语气一以贯之，他在暗示广宣，你我之间的过多交往对双方都没有太多益处。最深处的原因是各自坚守的大道不同，各自安身立命的所在不同。诗的结尾用意巧妙，意在讥讽僧人终日不归。诗人说天寒寺冷，红叶堆积，希望点醒广宣上人：既然号称高僧，就应该在寺庙中潜修佛理，弘扬佛法，不必终日奔走在外、踪迹难寻。这首诗还意在传达一种诗人所谓“聪明不及于前时，道德有负于初心”的人生感喟（韩愈《〈五箴〉小序》语）。整首诗平易坦荡，不用事，不屈己徇人，言语之间颇能体现温柔敦厚的诗教精神。
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王维《
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温庭筠《
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归国遥·香玉》
韩愈简介
唐代·韩愈的简介
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韩愈（768～824）字退之，唐代文学家、哲学家、思想家，河阳（今河南省焦作孟州市）人，汉族。祖籍河北昌黎，世称韩昌黎。晚年任吏部侍郎，又称韩吏部。谥号“文”，又称韩文公。他与柳宗元同为唐代古文运动的倡导者，主张学习先秦两汉的散文语言，破骈为散，扩大文言文的表达功能。宋代苏轼称他“文起八代之衰”，明人推他为唐宋八大家之首，与柳宗元并称“韩柳”，有“文章巨公”和“百代文宗”之名，作品都收在《昌黎先生集》里。韩愈在思想上是中国“道统”观念的确立者，是尊儒反佛的里程碑式人物。
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