阮郎归·美人消息隔重关
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清代]：王国维
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美人消息隔重关，川途弯复弯。沉沉空翠厌征鞍，马前山复山。
浓泼黛，缓拖鬟，当年看复看。只余眉样在人间，相逢艰复艰。
阮郎归·美人消息隔重关译文及注释
译文
美人的消息通过重重关隘传来，路途遥远，像是层层的树林压在马鞍上，马跑过一座山又来一座山，怎么也快不起来。
沿途的山像浓浓的泼墨画一样，又像美人拖悬的发髻。当年的美人看了又看，只记得她的眼眉。如果再相逢却如同路途一样艰辛。
注释
阮郎归：词牌名，又名“碧桃春”“宴桃源”“濯缨曲”等。以李煜词《阮郎归·呈郑王十二弟》为正体，双调四十七字，前段四句四平韵，后段五句四平韵。
重关：层层的门户或重深的关塞。
川途：路途。
沉沉：沉重的样子。征鞍：指旅行者所乘的马。
泼黛：中国画有泼墨和凌彩的技法。
缓拖髻：把发髻梳得蓬松低垂。
眉样：画眉的样式。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹．王国维词新释辑评：中国书店出版社，2006：98
阮郎归·美人消息隔重关创作背景
据刘蕙孙教授生前所书：1905年，王国维与江苏师范学堂同伴数人，酒后游沧浪亭，那时亭边林林繁茂。王国维回家后写了两首词，一首是《少年游·垂杨门外》，一首是《阮郎归·美人消息隔重关》。
参考资料：
1、佛雏．王国维诗学研究：北京大学出版社，1987：82
阮郎归·美人消息隔重关鉴赏
全词的中心是要寻找一个“美人”。这美人当初曾近在咫尺——“当年看复看”；现在却远隔千山万水——“相逢艰复艰”。词“情”重于“理”，反复盘旋而不决绝，表层的美丽委婉掩盖了深层的悲哀。“美人消息隔重关，川途弯复弯”，可能就是从这种意思化来。“重关”，可以是远方的重重关塞，可以是森严的层层门户，甚至可以是内心的某种隔阂和误会。
“沉沉空翠”是指山中潮湿水汽笼罩着草木所形成的那种青绿色的烟雾。草木越茂盛，雾气就越浓重。再加上山路的漫无止境，就给旅行者一种很沉重的压抑之感，所以说“压征鞍”。
“浓泼黛，缓拖髻”两句很妙；在此之前重点写旅途的青山，在此之后重点写心中的美人；而这两句，前一句重点在山却点出了人，后一句重点在人却仍带着山，很巧妙地起了承上启下的作用。“浓泼黛”是说大自然的天工神笔饱蘸了浓香的黛色泼洒点出眼前的山。所以这“浓泼黛”虽然是画山不是画眉，但它的作用是在描绘山的同时暗暗与后边“眉样”的想像相呼应，开始了从青山向美人的转换。“缓拖髻”则是用女子的发髻来形容山。因此“浓泼黛，缓拖鬓”的意象所要表现，其实是现实的青山在旅行者眼中逐渐成心目中美人的过程。在今日物象与当年心象的叠加组合之中，由物象清晰心象朦胧到心象清晰物象朦胧，旅行者的记忆也就从今日回到当年“当年看复看”。“看复看”，写得真是一往情深：美人的芳容曾经如此真切地展示，与她近在咫尺。然而那已经是过去的事，“只馀眉样在人间”。颇使人产生“曾经沧海难为水，除却巫山不是云”的感动。美好的理想长存而在现实中难以实现，这就是人类最大的苦恼。
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唐代·王国维的简介
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王国维（1877年—1927年），字伯隅、静安，号观堂、永观，汉族，浙江海宁盐官镇人。清末秀才。我国近现代在文学、美学、史学、哲学、古文字学、考古学等各方面成就卓著的学术巨子，国学大师。
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