蚕妇
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唐代]：来鹄
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晓夕采桑多苦辛，好花时节不闲身。
若教解爱繁华事，冻杀黄金屋里人。
蚕妇译文及注释
译文
从早到晚整天采桑多苦辛，
百花盛开季节养蚕忙煞人。
若教村姑了解赏花之类事，
便会冻死富家太太小妞们。
注释
晓夕：早晚。
好花时节：指百花盛开的时节，此时正是采桑大忙的时候，因此说农家妇女“不闲身”。不闲身：没空闲时间。
解：了解，懂得。繁华事：指赏花之类的事。
杀：死，用在动词后边，表示程度。一作“煞”。黄金屋里人：这里指富贵人家的小姐太太们。一说指有权有势的人。黄金屋，语出《武帝故事》：汉代陈婴的曾孙女名叫阿娇，其母为汉武帝姑姑馆陶长公主。武帝幼时，长公主将其抱置膝上，问道：“儿欲得妇否？”又指阿娇问道：“好否？”武帝笑着回答说：“若得阿娇，当以金屋贮之。”后武帝继位，立阿娇为皇后。后人遂以“黄金屋”指代富贵人家女子的居处。
参考资料：
1、吉林大学中文系．唐诗鉴赏大典（十二）：吉林大学出版社，2009：150-151
2、尚作恩 等．晚唐诗译释：黑龙江人民出版社，1987：199-201
3、严洁．晚唐诗鉴赏：凤凰出版社，2006：400-401
蚕妇鉴赏
人们谈起写蚕妇的诗，自然会提到宋代诗人张俞的《蚕妇》：“昨夜入城市，归来泪满襟。遍身罗绮者，不是养蚕人。”而晚唐诗人来鹄的《蚕妇》与张俞的《蚕妇》题目相同，内容相似，而写法与格调迥异。来鹄的《蚕妇》不像张俞的《蚕妇》那样，用明显对比的手法概括封建社会阶级对立的现实，而是先从蚕妇整日采桑养蚕的辛苦谈起。
“晓夕采桑多苦辛”一句紧扣诗题，“晓夕”二字直述采桑叶时问之长，突出劳动的艰苦。从这一句诗中，表现了采桑人的倦容，“多苦辛”三字又表现了作者同情蚕妇的思想感情。接下去诗人明确告诉人们，这些整天采桑叶的蚕妇并不是不爱盛开的百花，而只是在养蚕的大忙季节不得“闲身”而已。
这首诗的后半部分通过假设及由这一假设推论出来的结果清楚地说明封建社会谁养活谁这一根本问题。富贵人家的小姐太太们所以能在“好花时节”有闲情逸致去欣赏百花，正是由于这些蚕妇在此时“晓夕采桑”的结果。如果这些蚕妇此时也去千这些“繁华事”，那么，那些“黄金屋里人”只能被‘冻杀”。原来，这些“黄金屋里人”是由这些蚕妇养活的。此两句陡转笔锋，揭示了封建统治阶级完全是依靠剥削劳动人民而生活的这一事实。
全诗笔致冷隽，构思深曲，耐人寻味，在对当时不合理社会现象的揭示中，流露出了诗人的愤慨不平之情。运用通俗又略带诙谐的语言，通过叙述与假设的形式，通过暗含的对比，表现了深刻的思想内容，是这首诗的显著特点。
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李贺《
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秦王饮酒》
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聂夷中《
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公子家》
来鹄简介
唐代·来鹄的简介
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来鹄(?-883)，即来鹏（《全唐诗》作来鹄），唐朝诗人，豫章（今江西南昌市）人。相传来鹏家宅在南昌东湖徐孺子亭边，家贫，工诗，曾自称“乡校小臣”，隐居山泽。师韩柳为文，大中(847-860)咸通(860- 874》间，才名籍甚。举进士，屡试落第。乾符五年(878)前后，福建观察使韦岫召入幕府，爱其才，欲纳为婿，未成。广明元年(880)黄巢起义军攻克长安后，鹏避游荆襄。
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