如梦令·题淮山楼
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宋代]：苏轼
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城上层楼叠巘，城下清淮古汴。举手揖吴云，人与暮天俱远。魂断，魂断，后夜松江月满。
如梦令·题淮山楼译文及注释
译文
人们朝城上望去，映人眼帘的是高耸的楼台和重叠的山峰。再朝城下望去，只见清澈的淮河水和古老的汴河水都在静静地流淌。
站在城楼上向着昊天的云间拱手致意，人与傍晚的天空一样都是这样的遥远。目送朋友离去忧伤已极，待到他日松江月满的时候，我们还共有一轮明月。
注释
如梦令：词牌名。原名《忆仙姿》，又名《宴桃源》。苏轼嫌其不雅，依后唐庄宗词“如梦，如梦，残月落花烟重”句，更名《如梦令》。有单调、双调两体。苏轼词中用此调均为单调一体。
淮山楼：在泗州治所临淮（其故城在今江苏汴洪东南，盱眙对岸，清康熙年间被洪水淹没，陷入洪泽湖），即旧有的都梁台。
层楼：即高楼，指淮山楼。叠巘（yǎn）：重叠的山峰。
清淮：清澈的淮河水。淮河为古代四渎之一，源出河南桐柏山，东流入安徽，注入洪泽湖，下游自淮阴县与大运河会合。古汴：汴河故道有两条，这里是指隋以后汴河故道，由河南的旧郑州、开封至商邱县治南，改东南流经安徽的宿县、灵璧、泗县入淮河。现在已荒废，只有泗县尚有汴水断渠。
吴云：吴地的云。这里指南方的天空。
松江：即吴淞江。太湖支流三江之一，由吴江县东流与黄浦江会合，再北上出吴淞口入海。
参考资料：
1、王筱云．宋词三百首．大连：大连出版社，1999年3月：64
2、朱靖华、饶学刚、王文龙、饶晓明．历代名家词新释辑评丛书苏轼词新释辑评．北京：中国书店出版社，2007年1月：94-96
如梦令·题淮山楼创作背景
宋神宗熙宁四年（1071年）六月，朝廷任命苏轼为杭州通判。苏轼七月离开汴京（今河南开封），十月，苏轼经过泗州。泗州是一座古城，苏轼首次经过，便稍事逗留以观览河山胜迹，后写下该词。十一月苏轼到达杭州任所。
参考资料：
1、朱靖华、饶学刚、王文龙、饶晓明．历代名家词新释辑评丛书苏轼词新释辑评．北京：中国书店出版社，2007年1月：94-96
如梦令·题淮山楼鉴赏
这首小令把咏怀古迹与登临述感结合了起来，篇幅虽短，耐人寻味。起笔“城上层楼叠巘，城下清淮古汴”二句，写泗州城的壮丽和古老。这两句从大处落墨，将泗州城一侧的壮丽风光表现无余，像是一幅气势磅礴的油画。“层楼”，暗点题目淮山楼，二句从高大、雄伟的背景上衬托出了淮山楼的壮观。一个“古”字，则给泗州城多少涂上了古老文明的色彩。细加品鉴，会发现“城上层楼叠巘”一句似乎有点不合逻辑：高楼、群山怎么都显现于城墙之上？其实，“层楼”、“叠巘”同城墙都不在一个平面上，作者所用的手法类似于“画境的平面化”（宗白华语），是作者用艺术家的眼睛和心灵观照外物，移远就近的结果，其妙处与“画栋朝飞南浦云”（王勃句）、“窗含西岭千秋雪”（杜甫句）等古人诗句相同。
第三、四句写遥望南天时的情态以及所见的景物。“吴云”，本义是吴地的云彩，作者当时身在汴州（在今苏北境内），根本无从见到，所以这里用来借指南方的天空，而且表示作者将要去的方向，这与柳永的词《雨霖铃》用“楚天”一词表示将要南下用意相似。作者对“吴云”“举手”行礼，则是表示友好的意思。“人与暮天俱远”，是写南方天边的远景，对作者此行的目的地来说，也含有望而不见的意思，其心驰神往就意在言外了。
最后三句是虚拟，想象后夜赶到松江时的情景。“魂断”二句，按照词律的要求用了重迭的句式，也强化了主观的感情。这里的“魂断”，与陆游诗“远游无处不消魂”（《剑门道中遇微雨》）句中的“消魂”意思极为相近，有令人神往、使人眷恋之意。“魂断”为什么写两次？末句作了回答：“后夜松江月满。”“月满”是一个具有多义性的意象：一是表示时间，即当夏历的望日（十五）或“既望”（十六）月圆的时候。二是状写景物，写一轮圆月照耀中天的美景。可以想象，如此美景再加上松江与之上下辉映，这无疑是大自然的杰作，所以作者要为之倾倒、为之消魂。三是带有某种象征意义，即意味着作者对其前景乐观的展望，在这一意义上，与初唐杨炯《夜送赵纵》诗后两句“送君还旧府，明月满前川”同一机抒。
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苏轼《
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减字木兰花·寓意》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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唐代：
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全祖望
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此间良足乐，思蜀还瞿然。既恋善和书，亦念原氏阡。
以兹几踌踷，孤负卜居萹。我家旧吟社，近在孤山前。