菩萨蛮·春云吹散湘帘雨
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清代]：纳兰性德
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春云吹散湘帘雨，絮黏蝴蝶飞还住。人在玉楼中，楼高四面风。
柳烟丝一把，暝色笼鸳瓦。休近小阑干，夕阳无限山。
菩萨蛮·春云吹散湘帘雨译文及注释
译文
春天的傍晚，帘外雨收云散，濛濛的飞絮粘在蝴蝶的翅膀上，使它欲飞还住。独居在高楼之上，无人相伴，只能感受到从四面八方吹来的料峭春风。
楼外柳丝已经凝成轻烟，暮色降临，笼罩在楼顶的鸳鸯瓦上。不要再凭栏远望，夕阳下绵延不尽的远山，只能引起内心的无尽伤悲。
注释
菩萨蛮：词牌名，原唐教坊曲名，又名《子夜歌》《重叠金》《花溪碧》，双调四十四字，用韵两句一换，凡四易韵，平仄递转。
玉楼 ：指华丽的楼阁。
柳烟 ：柳树技叶茂密似笼烟雾，故称。
暝色：暮色，夜色。
休近：《昭代词选》作“休问”。
阑干：栏杆。
参考资料：
1、闵泽平编著．《纳兰词全集 汇编汇评汇校》：崇文书局，2012年03月：第243页
2、（清）纳兰性德著．纳兰性德集：三晋出版社，2008.10：第52页
菩萨蛮·春云吹散湘帘雨创作背景
这首词具体创作年代已无从考证。“伤春悲秋”作为中国古代文人一种特有的情结，长久寄居于各种诗词歌赋中，文人总多愁善感，大自然里的万物都有可能激起万千思绪，有“小李煜”之称的纳兰心思本就细腻敏感，自然也不例外，这篇菩萨蛮便是他由思妇的角度所写的伤春之作。
参考资料：
1、（清）纳兰性德著；聂菁菁主编．《纳兰词全编全赏》：中国华侨出版社，2013年11月：第338页
菩萨蛮·春云吹散湘帘雨鉴赏
上阕，词人以渐进的手法写主人公独立小楼所见之景。首二句写主人公眼看楼外云散雨住，飞絮牵住蝴蝶飞行的脚步，一派春意阑珊之景，这样美好的景致不禁令人想入非非。接下来，词人马上反跌一笔，“人在玉楼中，楼高四面风”，两句与楼外之景形成鲜明对比，主人公在小楼上，只能望着远处美好的春景，而回看四周，只有冰冷的四壁，感受到的也只有吹来的凉风，流露出主人公心中隐隐的伤感。
下阕首二句续写春色，景情交融：楼外是杨柳青青，暮色冥冥，烟笼翠瓦，楼中人则心有戚戚，笼在心头的是那如烟雾般的愁绪，进而逼出“休近小阑干，夕阳无限山”两句，暗自警告自己，切莫凭栏望远啊，在这蒙蒙之色中，只能眼见夕阳渐渐低沉，落入远山，而思念的人更在远山之外，望也望不到，只是徒增伤感罢了。结尾两句，与“夕阳无限好，只是近黄昏”有异曲同工之妙。
这首词以白描手法写主人公在小楼中所见之景，全为景语，但景中含情，情景交融，毫无矫揉造作之气，令人回味无穷。词中之景都是从闺阁中所看到的，伤情之人眼中的景象都是凄迷伤感的，因此“不洗铅华，而自然淡雅。”此词写得十分含蓄，只描写景物而不明确表达其作词之意，很类似于《花间集》的风格。
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纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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