早发始兴江口至虚氏村作
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唐代]：宋之问
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候晓逾闽嶂，乘春望越台。
宿云鹏际落，残月蚌中开。
薜荔摇青气，桄榔翳碧苔。
桂香多露裛，石响细泉回。
抱叶玄猿啸，衔花翡翠来。
南中虽可悦，北思日悠哉。
鬒发俄成素，丹心已作灰。
何当首归路，行剪故园莱。
早发始兴江口至虚氏村作译文及注释
译文
等到天亮便越过闽地的山障，乘风向粤进发。
宿云如落鹏之翼，残月如开于蚌中之珠。
碧绿的薜荔如青气在摇动，茂密的桄榔树遮蔽着碧台。
桂花带露开放，香气袭人，流水击打溪石，叮咚有声。
黑猿抱叶啼叫，翡翠鸟衔花飞来。
南中的景象虽娱心悦目，但我留恋北方的思绪却更长了。
黑发忽然变成了白发，赤心已经化作冷灰。
仕进的路已绝，不如回头返故乡去剪来草过日子罢了。
注释
早发：早上进发。
始兴：即曲江，在韶州府。
虚氏村：地名。
候：等候，等待。
晓：天亮。
逾：逾越。
闽：福建。
嶂：山障。
越（yuè粤）：广东。越台：昔尉陀立台，以朝汉室，号为“朝台”。
宿云：隔宿之云。
鹏：大鸟。
际：天际。
残月：夜阑之月。
蚌中开：明月之珠，藏于蚌中，故见晓月，如珠在蚌中开也。
薜（bì）荔：香草。
桄榔（guāng láng）：桄榔树，大四五围，长五六丈，无枝，至头生叶。
翳（yì）：遮蔽。
裛（yì）：通“浥”，沾湿。
玄猿：黑猿。
啸：啼叫。
南中：中国南部。
思：思绪。
悠：时间之长。
鬒（zhěn诊）发：黑发。
俄（é）：忽然。
素：白色。
灰：冷灰。
首：向，朝。
行：去。
莱（lái）：草名，即藜。
参考资料：
1、《唐诗鉴赏辞典》.上海辞书出版社，1983年12月版，第31-33页
2、王尧衢．唐诗合解笺注：河北大学出版社，2000年：525
3、刘文蔚．唐诗合选：广西人民出版社，1986年02月第1版：475-477
早发始兴江口至虚氏村作创作背景
唐神龙元年（ 705年）正月，宰相张柬之与太子典膳郎王同皎等逼武后退位，诛杀二张，迎立唐中宗，宋之问与杜审言等友皆遭贬谪。宋之问贬泷州（今广东罗定县）参军，诸事艰难，慕念昔荣，次年春便秘密逃还洛阳，这首诗作于诗人贬官南行途中。
参考资料：
1、王尧衢．唐诗合解笺注：河北大学出版社，2000年：525
早发始兴江口至虚氏村作鉴赏
从诗中所写景物表现出来的新鲜感看来，似为他初贬岭南时所作。开头四句，点题中的“早发”，交代了时间是在“春”、“晓”，并以晨空特有的“宿云”、“残月”极力渲染早发时的景象。这里用以借指从始兴县的江口地方至虚氏村途中经过的高山峻岭。从诗题看，当时诗人已经抵达虚氏村，村子离动身地点江口在一日行程之内，距离广州尚有数百里之遥，是无法望见越王台的。宋之问与沈佺期一样，上承齐梁余绪，讲究词采声律，从“宿云”二句的铺张笔法中，也可想见其“如锦绣成文”（《新唐书》本传）的诗风。
从“薜荔摇青气”开始的六句极写赏心悦目的南国景色，铺排有序，很见功力。前三句写树，错落有致，句中用一个富有动感并充满了生命力的“摇”字，生动地描画出了枝叶攀腾、扶摇直上与青气郁勃、无以自守的情态。在上三句中，诗人用笔由视觉而到嗅觉，“石响”句更进而写到听觉，由泉水奔泻的“石响”又转而看到回环流转的细泉。“抱叶”二句转写动物，这就使画面更充满活力，线条、色彩、音响以至整个情调更其动人了。
最后六句指诗人前面的铺排绘景是为了后面的写情抒怀。“南中”句使全诗的感情为之一顿，承上启下。“南中可悦”四字总括前面写景的笔墨，在文势上，这两句稍作顿挫，用以托住“南中”二句陡然急转之势，并暗示官场的荣辱无常，增强了诗人的思乡之情。末两句的感情直承“鬒发”二句，并与“北思”二字相呼应。诗人直抒胸臆道：何时能走向返回故乡的路呢？“行剪故园莱”，与谢朓“去剪北山莱”、王绩的“去剪故园莱”同义，都是要归隐田园的意思。从文势上来说，最后六句浑然一体，同时又有内在的节奏。比之于水势，“南中”二句似高江急峡，大起大落，“鬒发”二句江面渐宽，水势渐缓，至末两句化成一片汪洋，隐入无边的平芜之中。
这首诗用词的艳丽雕琢与结构艺术的高妙，可以使我们对宋之问诗风略解一二。诗用的是以景衬情的写法。诗人不惜浓墨重彩去写景，从而使所抒之情越发显得真挚深切。然而对于今天的读者来说，这首诗的价值倒不在于诗人抒发了何种思想感情，而在于诗中对南中景物的出色描绘。诗人笔下的树木、禽鸟、泉石所构成的统一画面是南国所特有的，其中的一草一木无不渗透着诗人初见时所特有的新鲜感。特定的情与特有的景相统一，使这首诗有着很强的艺术魅力。
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柳宗元《
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界围岩水帘》
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点绛唇·醉漾轻舟》
宋之问简介
唐代·宋之问的简介
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宋之问，字延清，一名少连，汉族，汾州（今山西汾阳市）人。一说虢州弘农（今河南灵宝县）人。初唐时期的著名诗人。
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