贺新郎·睡起流莺语
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宋代]：叶梦得
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睡起流莺语，掩苍苔房栊向晚，乱红无数。吹尽残花无人见，惟有垂杨自舞。渐暖霭、初回轻暑，宝扇重寻明月影，暗尘侵、上有乘鸾女。惊旧恨，遽如许。
江南梦断横江渚，浪粘天、葡萄涨绿，半空烟雨。无限楼前沧波意，谁采蘋花寄取？但怅望、兰舟容与，万里云帆何时到？送孤鸿、目断千山阻。谁为我，唱金缕。
贺新郎·睡起流莺语译文及注释
译文
午睡醒来，听流莺娇声软语，天色渐渐向晚，房门外，苍苔满地，落红片片堆砌。没人看见残花已被吹尽，只有垂杨迎风自舞，庭院幽静空寂。暮霭中渐渐带着暖意，我感到了初夏的暑气。寻找从前用过的那把明月般圆圆的宝扇，它已经灰尘沽满，扇子上画着骑凤的仙女，那久已沉积的离愁别怨，猛然将我的心强烈震撼。
江南美好的旧梦已断，洲诸横靠着她的小舟，碧绿的清水涨满，像一江新酿的葡萄酒。波浪粘连着远天，化半空烟雨苍茫。她楼前绿水悠悠，是否也在把我深深想望，准备采一束蘋花寄上？我怅然地遥望，她的木兰舟不知浮游何方。云帆在万里以外，几时才能来到我的近旁？我久久地目送着天边孤鸿，视线尽头，只见千山阻挡，有谁为我把《金缕》曲歌唱？
注释
贺新郎：词牌名，原名《贺新凉》，又名《金缕曲》等，双调一百十六字，上下片各十句六仄韵。
房栊（lóng）：窗户。向晚：傍晚。
乱红：零落的花朵。
暖霭（ǎi）：天气日暖。轻暑：初夏的暑气。
宝扇：指团扇。此扇形状如明月。明月影：此指团扇的影子。
乘鸾（luán）女：指扇上所绘的仕女图画。
旧恨：指与恋人的别恨。
遽（jù）如许：如此强烈。遽，急迫。
渚（zhǔ）：水中小块陆地。
葡萄涨绿：绿水新涨，如葡萄初酿之色。
半空烟雨：形容浪花向空中飞溅，像雨雾一般。
沧波意：指楼前的悠悠江水，别意无穷。
采蘋（píng）花寄取：古诗文中常用，采蘋花寄赠故人来表示作者的相思之情。
兰舟：舟船的美称。容与：徘徊。
金缕：即《金缕曲》，古曲名，或认为这里指此首《贺新郎》。
参考资料：
1、凌枫．宋词三百首：上海古籍出版社，2015：185
2、周娜．唐诗宋词三百首：中国华侨出版社，2016：321-322
3、沙灵娜．宋词三百首全译：贵州人民出版社，1992：298-299
4、蔡义江．宋词三百首全解：复旦大学出版社，2007：155-156
贺新郎·睡起流莺语创作背景
可知这首词是作者早期作品，宋人刘昌诗以为“赋此词时年方十八”。
参考资料：
1、吴熊和．唐宋词汇评（两宋卷）二：浙江教育出版社，2004：1207-1210
2、凌枫．宋词三百首：上海古籍出版社，2015：185
贺新郎·睡起流莺语鉴赏
关德在《题石林词》一文中，对叶梦得词下了这样的评语：“味其词婉丽，绰有温、李之风。晚岁落其华而实之，能于简淡时出雄杰。”此篇正体现其早期词作的特点。这首词借暮春景色抒发怅恨失意的无限相思、青春虚掷的无限感慨，写景清新明快，词风婉丽，抒情深婉，情深意长。
上片是静景，并在静景中体现出作者的内心幽情。起首三句描绘自己午睡乍醒，已是傍晚时分，忽闻莺声婉转，“流莺语”以细聆莺啭来突出环境的幽寂，也即“鸟鸣山更幽”之意。环顾四周，但见地上点点青苔，片片落花，说明春光已尽，令人不胜惋惜。“吹尽”两句，进一层描写庭院景象，长调写景不似小令，并非勾勒点染，抓取景物特点即可，而是需要细致地铺展开来，工笔描绘。这两句将“残花”与“垂杨”并提，表现春末特有的景色；由花开到花落，都是悄悄地没人注意，只有柳条还在随风轻摆，这是静中见动；一“自”字写出四周无人的寂寥况味，用来衬托作者徘徊四顾的孤独心情。
“渐暖霭”三句，光从时节转移写起，春去夏来，暖风带来初夏的暑热，由于想到消暑而引出了宝扇；这是一把布满尘灰的扇子，但它上面那隐约可见的那位月宫“乘鸾女”却使他陷入沉思。关于“乘鸾女”，原来有着一个月中仙女的传说，据说唐明皇在九月十五日游月宫，“见素娥千余人，皆皓衣乘白鸾”（《龙城录》），那扇面上模糊的素衣仙女画像，引起他的联想，勾起了他隐藏于内心深处的“旧恨”，使他自己也感到惊讶的是那“旧恨”，竟会如此猛烈地涌上心头，这里极其隐晦地表现出作者对宋朝衰落的遗恨。
下片为想象，承上“旧恨”展示心头感情波涛。“江南”三句，是说昔年乐事已成而今“旧恨”，伊人远去，犹如乘鸾仙女，无由再见，只有在梦中来到她所在的江南：江上碧浪连天，远望如同正在泼醅上涨的葡萄绿酒。李白就曾有诗赞道：“遥看江水鸭头绿，恰似葡萄初泼醅。”（《襄阳歌》）这连天江浪，再加上弥漫空中的烟雨，真好似一幅水墨画。这里先写景，然后引出下面景中之人。
“无限楼前沧波意”，“沧波”照应前句江景，描绘出一幅想象中的画面：情人在江边高楼倚栏怅望，却只见细浪粘天，烟波浩渺。作者想象情人遥对沧波的情怀，不禁道出“谁采蘋花寄与？”采蘋花有寄托相思的用意，二人相隔万里，虽想采蘋花寄给对方以托相思，但作者却言“谁采”，透露出“梦断”之恨。“但怅望”三句，更深一层，写两人之间隔着千山万水，舟船难通，只能隔着遥远的距离相互“怅望”，但无论如何相望，视线也会被“千山”所阻。问“万里云帆何时到？”即含有“不能到”的意思，因此只能与“孤鸿”相伴，在这种凄清的景况中独自品尝离愁别恨。柳永《玉蝴蝶》词末几句境界与此相似：“海阔山遥，未知何处是潇湘。念双燕、难凭远信，指暮天、空识归航。黯相望：断鸿声里，立尽斜阳。”结末两句深恨无人为自己唱起《金缕曲》，由曲及人，兴起对美好往日的怀念。又着一“谁”字，进一步表现作者失去情人之后的孤苦。“金缕”曲词中有劝人珍惜年华的句子，作者借此叹息往日美好不再，而自己如今无人相伴，年华也只是虚度，将对远方伊人的惓惓深情蕴藏于短短六字中，显得曲致深长。
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温庭筠《
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菩萨蛮·南园满地堆轻絮》
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刘禹锡《
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伤愚溪三首》
叶梦得简介
唐代·叶梦得的简介
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叶梦得(1077～1148) 宋代词人。字少蕴。苏州吴县人。绍圣四年(1097)登进士第，历任翰林学士、户部尚书、江东安抚大使等官职。晚年隐居湖州弁山玲珑山石林，故号石林居士，所著诗文多以石林为名，如《石林燕语》、《石林词》、《石林诗话》等。绍兴十八年卒，年七十二。死后追赠检校少保。 在北宋末年到南宋前半期的词风变异过程中，叶梦得是起到先导和枢纽作用的重要词人。作为南渡词人中年辈较长的一位，叶梦得开拓了南宋前半期以"气"入词的词坛新路。叶词中的气主要表现在英雄气、狂气、逸气三方面。
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弘历
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喀喇乌苏者，唐言黑水同。去年我军薄
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或劝病中不宜数亲文墨，医亦归咎，题四绝以
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宋代：
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范成大
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作字腕中百斛，吟诗天外片心。
习气吹剑一吷，病躯垂堂千金。
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游净慈寺次钱学士韵
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：
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韩雍
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胜境分明是洞天，偷闲试问上乘禅。老僧出定惊相迓，见我来游喜欲颠。
翠竹万竿围客座，白鸥数点傍渔船。品题赖有文章伯，留得明珠颗颗圆。
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春伯邸楼次韵十哥所题
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宋代：
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韩淲
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楼阴入清湖，南风渡歌鼓。旅梦不自持，悠扬定何许。
醒来疏雨过，两目隘泥土。虑澹地亦偏，桐花映窗户。