遥同杜员外审言过岭
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唐代]：沈佺期
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天长地阔岭头分，去国离家见白云。
洛浦风光何所似，崇山瘴疠不堪闻。
南浮涨海人何处，北望衡阳雁几群。
两地江山万余里，何时重谒圣明君。
遥同杜员外审言过岭译文及注释
译文
山岭是广阔天空与大地的分界，远离故乡只看得到无边的白云。
洛水两岸风光何其美丽，这里的重山雾瘴难以忍受。
你可渡过那风高浪急的南海，北边归去衡阳的大雁阵阵。
两地间隔着遥远的距离，何时才能面圣明君呢？
注释
本诗是沈佺期和杜审言之诗。两人都于公元705年被流放岭南。审言先起程过大庾岭去峰州（今越南越池东南），佺期随后也过大庾岭去驩州（今越南乂安省荣市）。
洛浦：洛水之滨，这里指唐东都洛阳。
遥同杜员外审言过岭创作背景
诗人被流放到“天长地阔”的岭南，友人不知“人何处”，岭南京城相隔“万余里”，内心无限愁苦，但未见诗人表现得痛苦不堪，绝望怨恨，而以“何时重谒圣明君”一句收尾，表达了思念君王的赤诚，节制了悲伤的情感。
遥同杜员外审言过岭鉴赏
首联即切题“过岭”。“天长地阔岭头分，去国离家见白云”，是描写过大庾岭的情景。诗人离开京城长安，长途跋涉，好不容易才来到大庾岭上，顿感天长地阔，宇宙之闳浑无穷。然而这脚下的山岭却是个分界线，过了岭就是“蛮荒”之地风土人情大不一样了。此时诗人不免产生“去国离家”将为“异域之人”的感叹，觉得自己如同那天空飘浮不定的云朵，不知去往哪里。“见云白”，是诗人对岭南的第一个印象和感受。我国古代诗歌中“白云”和“游子”有某种联系，如“浮云游子意”等。诗人利用这传统的表现手法，以自然澹远之景表现游子浓郁的深情。
颔联写景，以对比的镜头，淋漓尽致地抒发思国怀乡的感情。诗人回忆自己家乡美丽的风光，想象崇山可怕的湿热蒸郁之气，两相对比，倍觉凄苦。
颔联承“去国离家”，上句抒写对京洛风光的眷恋，下句言置身大庾岭头时百感交集的情怀。“洛浦”，即洛水之滨，这里指唐东都洛阳。风光，即风物。武则天执政时期，诗人经常侍奉武后及其臣僚们于洛阳。作为唐王朝的东都，洛阳的风物之盛，自然是诗人亲历目睹过的。如今，诗人站在大庾岭上，行将踏上瘴气弥漫的南国之地，不免产生生死难卜，今非昔比的感慨和帐惘。
颈联转为怀友，“南浮涨海人何处，北望衡阳雁几群”，上句中的人指杜审言，意思是说：南海风高浪急，你可平安地渡过去了吗？是否已到达了峰州呢！下句“北望”似说自己，又似与朋友谈心；看那鸿雁到了衡阳就不用再向南飞了，待春暖花开就可返回故里。言外之意是：我们还不如雁，只能继续行役向南，归期无望。“几群”含意丰富，耐人寻味：那鸿雁且能“大小相从”，有群伴儿。而你我则分飞天涯，孤苦伶仃，要是我俩能像雁儿一样作伴就好了。这句诗抒发不堪回首的孤寂之情，进一步表达对杜审言的深刻思念。
尾联回应首联，婉转地表达了盼赦的愿望。“两地江山万余里，何时重谒圣明君”，是写京都长安与岭南流放地之间虽然山重水复相距万里，但隔山隔水，隔不住思念君王的心。诗人所日夜盼望的是再拜见贤明君王的那一天。这联诗的遣词炼意很精妙，既表达了思念君王之赤诚，又没有谄媚阿谀之意味。将此联与前几联合读，同情之心便油然而生。沈佺期的七律，素来被认为高华典重，但此诗却不同于那些应制之作。它体现出了“朴厚自是初唐风气”。（《载酒园诗话又编》）《围炉诗话》亦评说道：“诗乃心声，心由境起，境不一则心亦不一，言心之词，岂能尽出于高华典重哉！”诗人从北方的宫廷走向南荒的流放生活，心与境都起了重大的变化，因此写出了这真挚动人气韵流畅的诗篇。
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卢挚《
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沈佺期简介
唐代·沈佺期的简介
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沈佺期，字云卿，相州内黄人。善属文，尤长七言之作。擢进士第。长安中，累迁通事舍人，预修《三教珠英》，转考功郎给事中。坐交张易之，流驩州。稍迁台州录事参军。神龙中，召见，拜起居郎，修文馆直学士，历中书舍人，太子少詹事。开元初卒。建安后，讫江左，诗律屡变，至沈约、庾信，以音韵相婉附，属对精密，及佺期与宋之问，尤加靡丽。回忌声病，约句准篇，如锦绣成文，学者宗之，号为沈宋。语曰：苏李居前，沈宋比肩。集十卷，今编诗三卷。
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