临江仙·过眼韶华何处也
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清代]：王国维
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过眼韶华何处也？萧萧又是秋声。极天衰草暮云平。斜阳漏处，一塔枕孤城。
独立荒寒谁语，蓦回头、宫阙峥嵘。红墙隔雾未分明。依依残照，独拥最高层。
临江仙·过眼韶华何处也译文及注释
译文
转眼之间青春年华就已经流失，落叶萧萧寓意着秋天地来临。天边的草已经枯黄了，连着天边的云。夕阳西下，阳光从缝隙中照入，拉长的塔影斜靠在远方的城楼上。
自己孤独地站在荒郊寒风中，有话却不知道该对何人说，猛然回首，远方的皇宫峻立着。红色的宫墙在迷雾中看不清楚了，站在落日余晖中，看不清这一切，只缘身在高处。
注释
过眼韶华：在眼前经过但很快就消失了的春光。
萧萧：风雨声成草木摇落声。秋声：秋时西风作，草木零落，多肃杀之声，曰秋声。
极天衰草：直到天边的枯草。
漏处：指光线透出的地方。
枕：临，靠近。荒寒：荒凉寒冷。谁语：没有人可以交谈。
蓦(mò)：突然。峥嵘：山势高而陡。
依依：依恋不合的样于。残照：落日余晖。
参考资料：
1、王国维.谁道人间秋已尽:人间词·人间词话[M].北京:人民文学出版社,2009.
2、王传胪.王国维与人间词[J].四川:四川大学学报,2002:12(7).
临江仙·过眼韶华何处也创作背景
这首词的创作是王国维在苏州任教时所作，词中虽有“宫阙”、“红墙”等语，但应该不是指北京，因为这首词属《甲稿》，发表于1906年4月，而王国维此时初到北京，与词中秋天景色描写相违。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹.王国维词新释辑评[M].北京:中国书店出版社,2006:6-10.
临江仙·过眼韶华何处也鉴赏
这虽然是一首以写景为主的词。但开头两句却是意味深长的低慨叹。“韶华“和“秋声”有一个鲜明的对比：“韶华”是“过眼”的韶华。而且是“何处也”；“秋声”是“萧萧”的秋声，而且是“又是”的再一次到来。“日月忽其不淹兮，春与秋其代序”，春去秋来本是自然的规律，但春天为什么总是那么虚幻那么短暂，而秋天为什么总是那么现实那么难以逃避。这两句，以极简洁的笔法拉开了“悲秋”的序幕。
“极天衰暮云平”和王维《观猎》的“回看射雕处，千里暮云平”有些相似，一样是诗中有面。那画面的下部是枯黄色的无边衰草，上部是暗红色的一天乱云。夕阳染红了地平线上的云彩，从云层缝隙中洒出的霞光给那“一塔”和“孤城”的剪影勾出金色的光圈。这是一幅很有气势的横幅画面。“斜阳漏处，一塔枕孤城”，那“漏”的金光云气、“枕”的居高临下、“一塔”和“孤城”的肃静沉寂，在秋的荒寒和暮的昏暗衬托之下，透出了一种庄严肃穆之美。天地的寥廓，愈发衬托出人的渺小；天地的永恒，愈发衬托出人的无常。王国维则产生了一种强烈的孤独寂寞——“独立荒寒谁语”。这一句在这首以写景为主的词中，是意味深长的。“谁语”，是“向谁诉说”。显然作者有许多要说的话，但实际上却一句也没说。因为这里并没有一个理解他和倾听他的对象。他只是回过头来继续写眼前景色，于是这些景色突然之间就似乎有了一种“造境”的迷离恍惚之致。
“独立荒寒谁语，蓦回头宫阙峥嵘”两句，在格律上有些问题。按照格律，此一体的《临江仙》下片重头，也应是前边七个字后边六个字，如魏虔取《临江仙》上片开头曰，“金锁重门荒苑静、绮窗愁对秋空”，下片开头曰“烟月不知人事改，夜阑还照深宫”，平仄格式完全相同。而王国维这首词上片开头是“过眼韶华何处也，萧萧又是秋声”，下片开头却是“独立荒寒谁语，蓦回头宫阙峥嵘”。这是不合格律的。在《人间词》中，不合格律的地方并非只有这一处。
“蓦”字强调一种突然产生的感觉。“宫阙峥嵘”，是指“孤城”中的“宫阙”。它虽然在红墙和烟雾的笼罩之中，似乎有些虚无缥缈，却仍然显得高峻伟岸。而且，夕阳的那最后一点光线始终在宫阙“最高层”徘徊不去，似有依依难舍之意。这首词的上片和下片都是远望，都写到斜阳下的景色。但比较而言，上片的写景是比较客观的。而下片的写景则展开联想。“宫阙”、“红墙”、“高层”这些词语涉及到一个王朝。而那“红墙隔雾未分明”，一方面是说红墙和红墙中的宫阙看不清楚，一方面也可以说红墙中的某些事情外边的人粉不清楚。比如，穷途末路的大清王朝还有没有转机，中国的未来向何处去。这一切，当时都在未知之数，所以是“未分明”。至于那“最高层”的宫阙，它可以象征皇帝，可以象征清王朝，但也可以象征作者的某种理想。
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李白《
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陶渊明《
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庚子岁五月中从都还阻风于规林·》
王国维简介
唐代·王国维的简介
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王国维（1877年—1927年），字伯隅、静安，号观堂、永观，汉族，浙江海宁盐官镇人。清末秀才。我国近现代在文学、美学、史学、哲学、古文字学、考古学等各方面成就卓著的学术巨子，国学大师。
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