踏莎行·绝顶无云
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清代]：王国维
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绝顶无云，昨宵有雨。我来此地闻天语。疏钟暝直乱峰回，孤僧晓度寒溪去。
是处青山，前生俦侣。招邀尽入闲庭户。朝朝含笑复含颦，人间相媚争如许。
踏莎行·绝顶无云译文及注释
译文
山顶上没有云彩，昨天夜里下过雨。我来到此地感悟天地之间的灵性交流。若有若无的钟声在昏暗的杂乱山峰间传递，孤寂的僧侣在晨晓中渡溪而去。
放眼望去到处是青山，站在山顶上想起了自己的朋友和伴侣。想把他们招请到这里闲耍。就这样朝朝暮暮在一起生活，那是多么的快乐，人间的相亲相爱也就莫过于如此了。
注释
①踏莎行：《踏莎行》又名《柳长春》《喜朝天》等。双调五十八字，仄韵。
②天语：上天之告语。
③疏钟暝直：谓寺庙的晨钟声于昏暗中揭响直入高空。暝：昏暗。
④度：通“渡”。
⑤是处：到处。
⑥前生：上一辈子。俦侣：伴侣。
⑦招邀：邀请。闲庭户：寂静的庭院。
⑧含笑复含颦：微笑或皱眉。
⑨相媚：取悦。争如许：怎得能够像这样。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹．王国维词新释辑评：中国书店出版社，2006：58
2、王传胪.王国维与人间词[J].四川:四川大学学报,2002:54(14).
踏莎行·绝顶无云创作背景
1905年夏，王国维从外地任教回家，途中经过峡山。他登山远眺，感觉到理想与现实的落差，有感而作此词。
参考资料：
1、王传胪.王国维与人间词[J].四川:四川大学学报,2002:54(14).
踏莎行·绝顶无云鉴赏
这首词写凌晨时候爬上高山之顶的所见、所闻和所感，但其中含有很丰富的言外意蕴，留下较大联想空间的写境与造境相结合的作品。
“绝顶无云”和“昨宵有雨”是一个对比也是一个过程。所谓对比，是今晨与昨宵、无云和有雨的对比，它容易引起一种诗意的感发；所谓过程，是在昨夜到今晨这极短的时间中从阴到晴的过程，它容易引起哲理性的体悟。因此王国维接下来就说“我来此地闻无语”。“天语”，是上天的告语，是以一种告诫的语气，所以“我来此地闻天语”这句话，就隐含有一种寻求觉悟的努力在里边。后面王国维展开描写，写所听和所看到的，“疏钟暝直乱峰回，孤僧晓度寒溪去”。黎明前月已经西沉日尚未出，是山谷中最昏暗的时候。这里的直是王国维着力的描写，突出它的力度。而“乱峰回”，是说山谷被乱峰环绕，这是一种横向的包围和约束的力量。“回”和“直”这一句两字，是对举的说法，使人觉得那寺院疏钟的声音好像冲破了乱峰环绕的黑暗直立而起，揭响入云。“孤僧晓度寒溪去”，令人在乱山昏谷之中产生。这样说并非毫无根据，因为这句话从意象到字句都充满了引人产生这种联想的可能性。
正是这个“孤”字，引出了下阕寻求俦侣的想像：“是处青山，前生俦侣，招邀尽入闲庭户。”“前生俦侣”，仍是用了佛教的说法。引述到了前生、今生、来生的“三生”，那便是一种前生的慧根。把青山视为前生的伙伴并邀请它们到家里来做客，一方面是极言自己对青山的亲近之感，另一方面也流露出一种孤独寂寞的情绪。这种比喻方式不是王国维创造，它借鉴了辛弃疾其中一首《沁园春》的写法，把青山比作客人。接着下来王国维这首词结尾的“朝朝含笑复含颦，人间相媚争如许”，仍然是借鉴了稼轩词，这是正用，那种寻求一个知音来安慰自己的渴望，正反映了他自己在追求理想道路上的孤独。
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王国维（1877年—1927年），字伯隅、静安，号观堂、永观，汉族，浙江海宁盐官镇人。清末秀才。我国近现代在文学、美学、史学、哲学、古文字学、考古学等各方面成就卓著的学术巨子，国学大师。
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