湖亭望水
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唐代]：白居易
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久雨南湖涨，新晴北客过。
日沉红有影，风定绿无波。
岸没闾阎少，滩平船舫多。
可怜心赏处，其奈独游何。
湖亭望水译文及注释
译文
雨下了很久，南湖的水长的满满的；雨过天晴之后我来到南湖。
太阳慢慢下山了，在湖面上投下了又红又大的影子，晚风停息绿水泛不起半点涟漪。
湖水淹没了部分堤岸，远处有疏疏落落的民舍；水漫了湖岸，有许多船舶停在那里。
在欣赏风景的时候，我如何对付因孤独而引起的悲凉？这样美好的景色也不能使我快乐，真是可惜啊！
注释
南湖：在今江西省，指鄱阳湖南部。鄱阳湖自星子县、瓮子口以南为南湖，以北为北湖。
北客：北方来的人，诗人自指。
日沉：日落。
风定：风停。
没：淹没。闾阎（lǘ yán）：里巷的门，借指人家。
船舫（fǎng）：泛指船。
可怜：可惜。心赏：用心领略、欣赏。
参考资料：
1、谢思炜．白居易诗选：中华书局，2005：107
2、吉林大学中文系．唐诗鉴赏大典（十）：吉林大学出版社，2009：211-212
湖亭望水创作背景
据《白居易诗集校注》，这首诗作于唐宪宗元和十一年（816年），当时作者任江州司马。一日在鄱阳湖边的亭子里赏雨后湖水有感而作。
参考资料：
1、吉林大学中文系．唐诗鉴赏大典（十）：吉林大学出版社，2009：211-212
湖亭望水鉴赏
这首诗描写了南湖的傍晚景色，表现了诗人独游的遗憾之情。
首先交待作者自己游湖的情境，久雨初晴，湖水大涨，北客南来，自然倍感新奇。中间四句即描写湖景。时值傍晚，夕阳西坠，似乎沉入湖中，但却留下了满天红色的光影，这时湖风停息了下来，澄碧的湖面一片平滑，浩阔而晶莹。放眼望去，由于久雨导致湖水大涨，淹没了原先的湖岸，所以人家稀少，而湖边沙滩，广袤而平整，聚集着许多船舫，人家少而船舫多，正见水乡特色，也是湖水大涨后的独特景况。这四句写景，在夕阳与湖水之间，红光留影，碧水映照，色彩明丽，从岸没到平滩的范围，人家虽少，而船舫却多，又充满生机活力。尤其是颔联，对仗工整，前句形容日落后的红霞，后句形容湖上风平浪静，形象逼真，色彩明丽，描写细致，均极恰切，写景如画，可谓写景的佳句。
写景之后便自然地转入最后两句，抒写了诗人一人独游的感叹。这首诗抓住“新晴”，“水涨”的特点，描写南湖的傍晚景色，因而写得有自己的个性，不流于一般。
总之，诗人正是抓住久雨的情境，写出水涨的特点，展现出浩渺壮阔的景观。面对这无比浩阔的湖面，使人顿生空寂落寞之感，诗人又是独自一人来游，自然难免独游之叹了。
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曹植《
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送应氏二首》
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曹植《
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送应氏二首》
白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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