归园田居·其六
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魏晋]：陶渊明
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种苗在东皋，苗生满阡陌。
虽有荷锄倦，浊酒聊自适。
日暮巾柴车，路暗光已夕。
归人望烟火，稚子候檐隙。
问君亦何为，百年会有役。
但愿桑麻成，蚕月得纺绩。
素心正如此，开径望三益。
归园田居·其六译文及注释
译文
在东边高地上种植禾苗，禾苗生长茂盛遍布田野。
虽然劳作辛苦有些疲倦，但家酿浊酒还满可解乏。
傍晚时分驾着车子回来，山路也渐渐地变得幽暗。
望着前村已是袅袅炊烟，孩子们在家门等我回家。
要问我这样做是为什么？人的一生总要从事劳作。
我只希望桑麻农事兴旺，蚕事之月纺绩事务顺遂。
我不求闻达心愿就这样，望结交志趣相投的朋友。
注释
东皋（gāo）：水边向阳高地。也泛指田园、原野。陶渊明《归去来兮辞》有“东皋”、“西畴”。
阡（qiān）陌：原本田界，此泛指田地。
巾柴车：意谓驾着车子。柴车，简陋无饰的车子。
归人：作者自指。烟火：炊烟。
檐隙：檐下。
百年：一生。役：劳作。
桑麻：泛指农作物或农事。
蚕月：忙于蚕事的月份，纺绩也是蚕事的内容。
素心：本心，素愿。
三益：谓直、谅、多闻。此即指志趣相投的友人。
参考资料：
1、刘继才．陶渊明诗文译释．哈尔滨：黑龙江人民出版社，1986：43-54
2、曹明纲．陶渊明鲍照谢灵运诗文选评 ．上海古籍出版社：2002年，24-28
3、唐满先．陶渊明诗文选注．上海：上海古籍出版社，1981：21-26
4、郭维森 包景诚．陶渊明集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1992：53-59
归园田居·其六鉴赏
“种苗在东皋，苗生满阡陌。”这两句叙事，显得很随意，是说在东皋种苗，长势如何如何。但就在随意的话语中，显出了一种满意的心情，他说这话好像是在欣赏自己的劳动成果。“虽有荷锄倦，浊酒聊自适。”陶诗中有“带月荷锄归”，“浊酒”云云是常见的语句。看来他对“荷锄”并不感到是多大的重负，差不多习惯了。“日暮巾柴车，路暗光已夕。”《归去来兮辞》有“或巾柴车”的句子。这两句写得很自然，“日出而作，日入而息”，农家的生活本来就是如此自然。“归人望烟火，稚子候檐隙。”《归去来兮辞》有“稚子候门”的话。等着他的就是那么一个温暖的“归宿”，此时他的倦意会在无形中消释了。这四句写暮归，真是生动如画，画面浮动着一层安恬的、醉人的气氛。这就是陶渊明“田居”的一天，这一天过得如此充实、惬意。
“问君亦何为？百年会有役。”这是设问，自问自答，如同陶诗“问君何能尔？心远地自偏”的句式。这与陶诗“人生归有道，衣食固其端。孰是都不营，而以求自安”意思相似，表示了对劳动的重视。“但愿桑麻成，蚕月得纺绩。”桑麻兴旺，蚕事顺遂，这是他的生活理想，正如陶诗所写：“耕织称其用，过此奚所须？”下面写道：“素心正如此，开径望三益。”“素心”，也就是上面所说的心愿。后面这一段通过设问，揭示陶渊明劳动的体验、田居的用心，很是符合陶渊明的实际。
今《文选·江淹拟古三十首》收有这首诗，并被当作《归园田居》的第六首。宋代大文豪苏轼就以此为陶诗，还特举“日暮”以下四句赞扬之，且写了《和陶归园田居六首》。而后世诸家以为此诗非陶渊明所作，当是江淹所作的拟陶诗。
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陶渊明《
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归园田居·其六》
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贯休《
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春晚书山家》
陶渊明简介
唐代·陶渊明的简介
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陶渊明（约365年—427年），字元亮，（又一说名潜，字渊明）号五柳先生，私谥“靖节”，东晋末期南朝宋初期诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家。汉族，东晋浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）。曾做过几年小官，后辞官回家，从此隐居，田园生活是陶渊明诗的主要题材，相关作品有《饮酒》、《归园田居》、《桃花源记》、《五柳先生传》、《归去来兮辞》等。
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