临江仙·冬夜夜寒冰合井
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宋代]：苏轼
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冬夜夜寒冰合井，画堂明月侵帏。青缸明灭照悲啼。青缸挑欲尽，粉泪裛还垂。
未尽一尊先掩泪，歌声半带清悲。情声两尽莫相违。欲知肠断处，梁上暗尘飞。
临江仙·冬夜夜寒冰合井译文及注释
译文
冬天夜里很寒冷，寒冰把井都封住了。明亮的月光穿过华丽的房间照进帐子里，青色的灯光，一明一暗地闪烁着，映照着悲啼的侍女。灯芯快烧完了，胭脂粉和着泪水一滴滴地流下了。
没有饮完一杯酒，就见她掩面流泪，歌声里夹杂着凄凉的悲咽。悲情和歌声两方面尽量发泄，都不相违背。你要体味到她唱得令人悲痛之处，就是歌声震得屋梁上的灰尘飞扬下来时。
注释
临江仙：唐教坊曲，后用作词牌，为双调小令。又名《谢新恩》、《雁后归》、《画屏春》、《庭院深深》等。格律俱为平韵格。全词分两片，上下片各五句，三平韵。
冰合井：严寒的冰把井给封冻了。
画堂：泛指华丽的堂舍。
侵帏（wéi）：侵袭帐子。侵，指一物进入他物中或他物上。
青缸：代指青色的灯光。
挑：把灯芯拨出一些。欲尽：快烧完了。
裛（yì）：沾湿。垂：掉下，流下。
掩泪：犹掩涕，掩着面流泪。
暗尘：多年不见的灰尘，积尘。
参考资料：
1、朱靖华、饶学刚、王文龙、饶晓．历代名家词新释辑评丛书苏轼词新释辑评．北京：中国书店出版社，2007年1月：829-831
临江仙·冬夜夜寒冰合井创作背景
宋神宗元丰六年（1083年）十二月，徐君猷（黄州太守，与苏轼是同僚）的侍女胜之将要离开黄州去苏州，该词是苏轼在送别胜之时所作。
参考资料：
1、朱靖华、饶学刚、王文龙、饶晓．历代名家词新释辑评丛书苏轼词新释辑评．北京：中国书店出版社，2007年1月：829-831
临江仙·冬夜夜寒冰合井鉴赏
上片写侍女离别前夜的悲伤生活环境与心态。开头两句，点明侍女在别离徐君猷后的“夜寒冰合井”的生活时令，“画堂明月侵帏”的生活氛围。接着三句，写在极其严寒、月透帐帏的冬夜里，青灯若明若灭地映照着“悲啼”的侍女。“青缸挑欲尽”，写侍女“悲啼”时间之长，“粉泪裛还垂”，写侍女“悲啼”程度之深。以伤恨为中心，以明月、青灯为帮衬，把今、昔、未来串连起来，显示愁恨绵绵无尽期，明月、青灯仍长在。当时的明月、青灯曾映照着陪伴着主人的欢笑，而今明月、青灯之下，却只有侍女孤身一人。该词与《西江月·别梦已随流水》中的“泪巾犹裛香泉”“别梦”的意境完全吻合。这不是偶合，而是离情的必然。两心相许，终身难忘。在徐君猷离黄州几个月后，侍女也将离去，自然引起侍女生活上的变化和情感上的悲伤。胜之是词人最欣赏的侍女。胜之与于黄州的一段生活，在词人脑际里留下了深刻难忘的印象，而今将各奔西东，叫词人魂飞梦萦、牵肠挂肚。
下片写侍女惜别前夜的歌声，令人动心、消魂和断肠。“未尽一尊先掩泪，歌声半带清悲”，写侍女伤离别时的未歌先泪、半歌半悲。“掩泪”写侍女的哭态，“歌声”写侍女的强颜，“清悲”写侍女的伤感。泪（粉泪、掩泪）、歌（歌声）、悲（悲啼、清悲）三者交融，让人为之动心、消魂？正是词人所谓歌有声，人有情，“情声两尽莫相违”的慰藉词了。最后两句，进一步渲染侍女的无限伤感与痛苦。“梁上暗尘飞”，这一赞赏是不过分的，表明词人对这位即将离黄州去苏州的侍女怀有深深的依恋之情。
全词情真意切，恸天感人，笼罩在灰暗、悲凉的气氛中。冬天、寒夜、冰井、明灭青灯、悲啼、粉泪（掩泪）、清悲歌声、肠断、暗尘等词语的巧妙缀合，淋漓尽致地塑造了一位声情并茂、声泪俱下、令人倾倒的侍女形象。
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幽居冬暮》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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