田子方教育子击
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宋代]：司马光
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子击出，遭田子方于道，下车伏谒。子方不为礼。子击怒，谓子方曰：“富贵者骄人乎？贫贱者骄人乎？”子方曰：“亦贫贱者骄人耳！富贵者安敢骄人！国君而骄人，则失去国；大夫而骄人则失去家。失其国者未闻有以国待之者也，失其家者未闻有以家待之者也。夫士贫贱，言不用，行不合，则纳履而去耳，安往而不得贫贱哉！”子击乃谢之。
田子方教育子击译文及注释
译文
魏国太子子击出行，在路上遇见老师田子方，下车行礼拜见。田子方（却）不还礼。子击很生气，对田子方说：“是富贵的人能对人自高自大呢，还是贫贱的人能对人自高自大呢？”田子方说：“只能是贫贱的人能对人自高自大，富贵的人怎么敢对人自高自大呢！国君如果对人自高自大，那么就要失去国家，大夫如果对人自高自大就将失去封地。失去他的国家的人，没有听说有人用国君的规格对待他的；失去他的封地的人，也没有听说有人用大夫的规格对待他的。贫贱的游士，言语不中听，行为不融洽，就穿上鞋子离去罢了，到哪里去不能(成为)贫贱的人呢！”子击于是向（田子方）道歉。
注释
1子击：魏文侯的长子，国君的继承人。
2遭：遭遇，遇到。
3田子方：子击的老师。【详细见下（扩展阅读）】
4伏谒（yè）：行礼拜见。谒：拜见，请求。
5不为礼：不还礼。
6亦：副词，只是，不过
7而：通“如”，如果。
8国：国家
9闻：听说
10国：国君，国王
11.待：待遇，对待
12.用：需要
13.合：投契，融洽
14.履（lǚ）：鞋子
15.去：离开
16.家：大夫的封地称“家”。
17.谢：道歉
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纪昀《
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列御寇《
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愚公移山》
司马光简介
唐代·司马光的简介
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司马光（1019年11月17日－1086年），字君实，号迂叟，陕州夏县（今山西夏县）涑水乡人，《宋史》，《辞海》等明确记载，世称涑水先生。生于河南省信阳市光山县。北宋史学家、文学家。历仕仁宗、英宗、神宗、哲宗四朝，卒赠太师、温国公，谥文正，主持编纂了中国历史上第一部编年体通史《资治通鉴》，为人温良谦恭、刚正不阿，其人格堪称儒学教化下的典范，历来受人景仰。生平著作甚多，主要有史学巨著《资治通鉴》、《温国文正司马公文集》、《稽古录》、《涑水记闻》、《潜虚》等。
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