菩萨蛮·西湖
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宋代]：苏轼
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秋风湖上萧萧雨。使君欲去还留住。今日漫留君。明朝愁杀人。
佳人千点泪。洒向长河水。不用敛双蛾。路人啼更多。
菩萨蛮·西湖译文及注释
译文
秋风徐徐，湖上风雨潇潇，你刚想启程，又被雨留住。今日枉自留你，明天我会十分忧愁。
送行的佳人们的千滴泪，一起洒向钱塘江水。不用为分别而愁苦，你不见路上还有更多的人在洒泪相别。
注释
①菩萨蛮：唐教坊曲名。又名《菩萨篁》、《重叠金》、《花间意》、《梅花句》等。后来成了词人用以填词的词牌。为双调，四十四字，属小令，以五七言组成。下片后二句与上片后二句字数格式相同。上下片各四句，均为两仄韵，两平韵。
②萧萧：同潇潇，形容风雨急骤。
③使君：汉代对太守或刺史的称呼，这里借指送别的对象陈襄。
④漫：枉，徒然。
⑤朝（zhāo）：早晨
⑥佳人：美女，指宫妓。
⑦敛（liǎn）双蛾：即皱眉，此处指流泪。
⑧路人：指站立在路旁送别陈襄的杭州百姓。
参考资料：
1、朱靖华、饶学刚、王文龙、饶晓明．历代名家词新释辑评丛书苏轼词新释辑评．北京：中国书店出版社，2007年1月：221-223
2、徐康铭 ．儿童读唐宋词图绘．长沙：湖南地图出版社，1993年6月： 89
菩萨蛮·西湖创作背景
宋神宗熙宁七年（1074年）八月，陈襄罢杭州知州任，将赴应天府（今河南商丘）任知府，该词是苏轼在西湖送别陈襄时所作。
参考资料：
1、朱靖华、饶学刚、王文龙、饶晓明．历代名家词新释辑评丛书苏轼词新释辑评．北京：中国书店出版社，2007年1月：221-223
菩萨蛮·西湖鉴赏
上片先写天意留客。“秋风湖上萧萧雨，使君欲去还留住。”西湖上的晴雨变化是常见的现象，离任的太守陈襄将要远行，却被风雨留住。这是天从人意的美事，老天爷仿佛被送别的人们所感动，所以才特意以“萧萧雨”“留住”客人，满足了大家的心愿，这是老天有情。接下来苏轼笔锋陡然一转，“今日漫留君，明朝愁杀人。”为何这样写。接下去苏轼又把笔锋收回来，申述了一个使人信服的理由，“明朝愁杀人”原来是离情再经过一夜的酝酿和蓄积，会变得更深更浓，到明天送别时一下子爆发出来，会把人“愁”死的！可见老天有情，人更有情。经过这一纵一擒，心理上或情感上的回旋跌宕，苏轼将离情推向了纵深。
下片转换角度，写动人的送别场景。“佳人千点泪，洒向长河水。”这两句写“佳人”泣别，“佳人”是指送别陈襄的一群官妓，同“长河水”联系起来，一方面是由于陈襄乘官船，从水程赴任，另一方面暗用了江淹《别赋》中的词语，“怨复怨兮远山曲，去复去兮长河水。”“佳人”泣别是情重怨深的表现，这就把离情推向了一个高潮。“不用敛双蛾，路人啼更多。”这两句又峰回路转，别开境界。苏轼像是对“佳人”们说，你们还是收住眼泪吧，且看站立在大路两旁的杭州百姓，他们哭得比你们还要伤心呢！广大百姓自愿前来送别一位离任的地方官，尽情挥洒泪水，离别场面庄严、感人。可以说，这是百姓对一位官员的最高褒奖。苏轼这样写，非溢美之辞。是苏轼从侧面写出了陈襄为官一任，造福一方的政绩，在把离情推向极顶的同时，也暗含着对陈襄流惠于民的赞颂。
全词无一处直接抒写苏轼自己当前的离愁，苏轼仅仅是一个旁观者而已。但又无处不渗透了苏轼浓重的离情别绪。苏轼在对实际生活观察和体验的基础上，选取了独特的艺术视角，出奇制胜，使人感到耳目一新。
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苏轼《
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满江红·正月十三日送文安国还朝》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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