齐国佐不辱命
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先秦]：左丘明
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晋师从齐师，入自丘舆，击马陉。
齐侯使宾媚人赂以纪甗、玉磬与地。“不可，则听客之所为。”
宾媚人致赂，晋人不可，曰：“必以肖同叔子为质，而使齐之封内尽东其亩。”对曰：“肖同叔子非他，寡君之母也；若以匹敌，则亦晋君之母也。吾子布大命于诸侯，而曰必质其母以为信，其若王命何？且是以不孝令也。诗曰：‘孝子不匮，永锡尔类。’若以不孝令于诸侯，其无乃非德类也乎？先王疆理天下，物土之宜，而布其利。故诗曰：‘我疆我理，南东其亩。’今吾子疆理诸侯，而曰‘尽东其亩’而已；唯吾子戎车是利，无顾土宜，其无乃非先王之命也乎？反先王则不义，何以为盟主？其晋实有阙。四王之王也，树德而济同欲焉；五伯之霸也，勤而抚之，以役王命；今吾子求合诸侯，以逞无疆之欲。诗曰：‘布政优优，百禄是遒。’子实不优，而弃百禄，诸侯何害焉？不然，寡君之命使臣，则有辞矣。曰‘子以君师辱于敝邑，不腆敝赋，以犒从者；畏君之震，师徒桡败。吾子惠徼齐国之福，不泯其社稷，使继旧好，唯是先君之敝器、土地不敢爱。子又不许，请收合馀烬，背城借一。敝邑之幸，亦云从也；况其不幸，敢不唯命是听？’”
齐国佐不辱命译文及注释
译文
晋军追赶齐军，从丘舆进入齐国境内，攻打马陉。
齐顷公派宾媚人将纪国的炊器、玉磐赠送给晋国，并归还鲁、卫两国的土地。“不行，就任凭他们所为。”
宾媚人送上礼物，晋国人郤克不答应，说：“必须以萧同叔的女儿做人质，同时使齐国境内的田亩全部改为东西向。”宾媚人回答说：“萧同叔的女儿不是别人，是敝国国君的母亲。如果以对等相待，也就是晋国国君的母亲。您向诸侯颁布天子的命令，却说一定要人家的母亲做人质作为凭信，将何以对天子之命？而且这是以不孝来命令诸侯。《诗经·大雅·既醉》说：‘孝子的心从不衰竭，永远赐福于你的同类。’如果以不孝命令诸侯，恐怕不是施恩德于同类吧？先王划定天下的疆界，治理天下的道路，河流，考察土性所宜而分派它们的利益。所以《诗经·小雅·信南山》说：‘我划定疆界，治理沟垄，朝南朝东修起田埂。’现在您划分和治理诸侯的土地，却说‘全部将田垄改为东西向’就完了，只顾有利于您的战车出入，不顾土性所宜，恐怕不是先王的遗命吧？违反先王就是不义，怎么做诸侯的领袖？恐怕晋国的确有过错。四王统一天下的时候，树立德行，帮助实现大家的共同愿望。五伯称霸诸侯的时候，勤劳王事，安抚诸侯，奉行天子的命令。现在您却谋求会合诸侯，以满足无止境的贪欲。《诗经·商颂·长发》说：‘施政宽和，百福聚集。’您实在不肯宽大，从而抛弃各种福禄，这对诸侯有什么害处呢？如果您不同意，敝国国君命令使臣，已有言辞在先了，说：‘您率领贵国国君的军队光临敝国，敝国以微薄的兵赋来犒劳您的随从。由于畏惧贵国国君的威严，军队遭到了挫败。承蒙您为求取齐国的福佑，不灭绝它的社稷，使它继续同贵国保持旧日的友好关系，敝国决不敢吝惜先君这些破旧的器物和土地。您又不答应。那就请允许我们收集残余，在敝国城下决一死战。即使敝国侥幸取胜，也要服从贵国；倘若不幸战败，敢不完全听从贵国的命令？’”
注释
丘舆：地名，齐国境内，在今山东益都县内。
马陉：读音xíng，地名，齐邑名，在益都县的西南。
宾媚人：齐国上卿，即国佐。赂：赠送财物。甗：读音yǎn,陶器，甑的一种，是一种礼器。玉磬：乐器。纪：古国名。为齐所灭。纪甗玉磬，是齐灭纪时所得到的珍宝。
肖同叔子：肖，小国名；同叔：国王的名称；子，女儿。萧君同叔的女儿，即齐顷公的母亲。
封内：国境内。尽东其亩：田地垄亩全改为东西向，道路沟渠也相应地变为东西向，因为齐、晋东西相邻，这样一改，以后晋国的兵车过入齐境便于通行。古代田亩制，一亩宽一步，长百步，有东西向和南北向的不同。
王命：先王以孝治天下的遗命。先王，已去世的君王。
疆理：指划分疆界和沟渠小路。
阙：缺点，过失。
四王：指夏禹、商汤、周文王和周武王。
济：满足的意思。同欲：共同的欲望。
五伯（bà）：五伯之称有二：有三代之五伯，有春秋之五伯。《左传·成公二年》，齐国佐曰：“五伯之霸也，勤而抚之，以役王命。”杜元凯云：“夏伯昆吾，商伯大彭、豕韦，周伯齐桓、晋文。”《孟子》：“五霸者，三王之罪人也。”赵台卿注：“齐桓、晋文、秦缪、宋襄、楚庄。”二说不同。据国佐对晋人言，其时楚庄之卒甫二年，不当遂列为五。
役王命：从事于王命。
优优：和缓宽大的样子。百禄：百福，百种福禄。遒：聚。
辞：言词，话。
腆：读音tiǎn，丰厚。
桡：读音ráo,弯曲，屈从
徼：读音yāo，求取，招致
烬：火灰。余烬：指残余的军队。
背城借一：背靠着城，再打一仗。意即在城下决一死战。
齐国佐不辱命鉴赏
晋齐鞌之战齐军败绩，齐国佐奉命出使求和，但面对郤克得苛刻条件，他从容不迫逐条驳斥，并且用齐顷公的口气——虽然国君已经交代有最后的底线，但并未如此明晰地表态齐国尚愿一搏——若无和解的可能，则破釜沉舟奉陪到底！这十足底气，只能源于齐国的实力。这是国佐外交最坚实的后盾。但是他说辞的逻辑无懈可击，果然是不辱使命！
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左丘明《
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子产论政宽猛》
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左丘明《
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吕相绝秦》
左丘明简介
唐代·左丘明的简介
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丘明（姓姜，氏丘，名明），华夏人，生于前502年，死于前422年，享年80岁。丘穆公吕印的后代。本名丘明，因其先祖曾任楚国的左史官，故在姓前添“左”字，故称左史官丘明先生，世称“左丘明”，后为鲁国太史 。左氏世为鲁国太史，至丘明则约与孔子（前551-479）同时，而年辈稍晚。他是当时著名史家、学者与思想家，著有《春秋左氏传》、《国语》等。他左丘明的最重要贡献在于其所著《春秋左氏传》与《国语》二书。左氏家族世为太史，左丘明又与孔子一起“如周，观书于周史”，故熟悉诸国史事，并深刻理解孔子思想。
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次韵云扉讲师游南山有怀张外史旧游
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明代：
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袁华
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昔陪张外史，蹑云上崔嵬。前登风篁岭，酌泉苍藓堆。
后度麦冈重，荒坟际蒿莱。陵谷嗟变迁，览兹良悲哉。
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郧襄之役与伯玉侍郎别恰三载矣闻出谼中至钱唐走信奉迎因成感旧之作
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明代：
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王世贞
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祖道春明三载强，宛如苏李赋河梁。君应食酒谈廷尉，我但登临忆侍郎。
一棹不妨衣带水，九秋谁拂蒯缑霜。祗园处处堪题石，莫遣青山负举觞。