出郊
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明代]：杨慎
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白鹭忽飞来，点破秧针绿。
出郊译文及注释
译文
山坡上一级一级的畦田像楼梯，平原上整整齐齐的畦田像棋盘。
白鹭忽然飞到水稻田上来，在一片绿色的秧苗上点上了白点。
注释
郊：泛指城外、野外、郊外。
高田：沿着山坡开辟的田畦，又叫梯田。
平田：指山下平地上的田块。
棋局：象棋盘。
鹭：一种长颈尖嘴的水鸟，常在河湖边、水田、沼泽地捕食鱼虾。
点破：打破了。
秧针：水稻始生的秧苗。
出郊创作背景
嘉靖三年（公元1524年），因“大礼议”事件，杨慎谪戍云南永昌卫，后居云南30余年，此诗便写于杨慎被贬期间。诗人一方面远离朝堂的争斗，享受宁静的乡间生活；另一方面，在一片绿色的田野，诗人看到白鹭飞来，思乡之情油然而生，于是写下了这首诗歌。
参考资料：
1、白建忠 孙俊杰．百年来杨慎研究综述：内蒙古师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)，2007年02期
出郊鉴赏
诗人被贬于云南永昌卫，被南方山乡春天田野的秀丽景色所感染，突然白鹭飞来，打破诗人心田的平静，古代诗人、画家常以鹭鸶喻乡思情绪，这是诗人浓郁思乡之情的写照。
首二句写水田的形态，喻之以楼梯、棋盘，都属整饬之美，写出了高田和平田的壮观，高田系仰视所见，层层如楼梯；平田系俯视所见，纵横如棋盘。田畦井井有条，秧苗长势喜人，通过诗人视角和所处位置的变化描写了不同方位的田野的景色。
后两句写一片绿油油的秧田，忽飞来了白鹭，让秧田添上活气与亮色，让静谧的画面带有动态，诗人化用“万绿丛中一点红”的诗意，写出“万绿苗中一点白”的奇观。末句是画龙点睛之笔，诗眼在“点破”二字。
从艺术表现手法来看，此诗看似信手拈来，其实独具匠心。全诗以郊外踏青者的目光为描写的触角，先由仰视和俯视描绘了从远处到近处的秧苗所染出来的浓浓的春色，从而凸现了南方水乡水田的静态春光。紧接着，目光随突然掠来的白鹭而转移，在被“点破”的“秧针绿”的特写镜头上定格，由静而动，再配之以色彩的强烈对比，鹭之白与秧之绿使得嘎然而止的诗篇更富有自然的情趣。
这首小诗写的是春日郊外水田的景色，勾画了南方山乡春天田野的秀丽景色，诗中有画，静中有动，全诗用极其浅显而流畅的语言，捕捉了西南山乡水田的典型春色意象。在一坡坡修整得非常精致的梯田旁，有一片片棋盘般的平整水田，犹如一望无际的绿色地毯。偶尔有白鹭飞来止息，点破如针芒般的绿色秧田，留下洁白的身影。
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上一首：
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杨慎《
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出郊》
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下一首：
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丘逢甲《
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春愁》
杨慎简介
唐代·杨慎的简介
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杨慎（1488～1559）明代文学家，明代三大才子之首。字用修，号升庵，后因流放滇南，故自称博南山人、金马碧鸡老兵。杨廷和之子，汉族，四川新都（今成都市新都区）人，祖籍庐陵。正德六年状元，官翰林院修撰，豫修武宗实录。武宗微行出居庸关，上疏抗谏。世宗继位，任经筵讲官。嘉靖三年，因“大礼议”受廷杖，谪戍终老于云南永昌卫。终明一世记诵之博，著述之富，慎可推为第一。其诗虽不专主盛唐，仍有拟右倾向。贬谪以后，特多感愤。又能文、词及散曲，论古考证之作范围颇广。著作达百余种。后人辑为《升庵集》。
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