江神子·癸亥陈和叔会于赏心亭
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宋代]：张舜民
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七朝文物旧江山。水如天。莫凭阑。千古斜阳，无处问长安。更隔秦淮闻旧曲，秋已半，夜将阑。
争教潘鬓不生斑？敛芳颜。抹幺弦。须记琵琶，子细说因缘。待得鸾胶肠已断，重别日，是何年？
江神子·癸亥陈和叔会于赏心亭译文及注释
译文
登上赏心亭，看到江山依旧，而文物已非，想起七个朝代都在这里兴国、繁荣和灭亡，忧心忡忡。尽管江水浩瀚、水天一色，却不忍凭阑远眺了。身在江南，心恋长安，坐罪遭贬，想要过问国事却又不能。秦淮月亮格外明朗，照人无眠，听到水上传来音乐声，更是感慨万千。
这怎能不让我中年鬓发斑白？脸上已失去笑容，回忆起当年琵琶弹奏着动听的乐曲，似乎娓娓地诉说自己政治上的顺利，那是何等地美好啊！期待有朝一日，朝廷重用，再回京师，使自己的仕途如断弦重续。此地与友人别后，何时又能重别呢？
注释
江神子：词牌名，又名《江城子》《水晶帘》等。唐五代词多为单调，自三十五字至三十七字不等，平韵。至宋人始作双调七十字，有平韵、仄韵两体。
陈和叔：名陈睦，嘉祐六年（1061年）进士，累迁史馆修撰。赏心亭：在金陵（今南京）城西下水门城上，下临秦淮，为观赏胜地。
七朝：六朝指东吴、东晋、宋、齐、梁、陈。此处说“七朝”系指包括南唐在内的七个朝代。
旧曲：南朝后主陈叔宝所制《玉树后庭花》，被视为亡国之音。
潘鬓：晋人潘岳富文才，美仪容，三十岁开始有白发，后世即以“潘鬓”指中年鬓发斑白。
抹幺弦：抹，弹琵琶的一种手法。幺弦，指弹琵琶的第四弦。
子细：即仔细。因缘：佛家语，指产生结果的直接原因及造成这种结果的条件。因此相契谓之有缘，相乖谓之无缘。
鸾胶：据《武帝外传》：“西海献鸾胶，武帝弦断，以胶续之，弦两头遂相著，终日射不断，武帝大悦，名续弦胶。”
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋主编．唐宋词鉴赏辞典：江苏古籍出版社，1986年12月第1版：第362页
2、（宋）苏轼等著．汪旭编著,豪放词：万卷出版公司，2014.08：第52页
江神子·癸亥陈和叔会于赏心亭创作背景
这首词写于元丰六年（1083年），岁次癸亥。舜民在灵武诗有“雪白骨似沙沙似”，坐罪谪监郴州酒税，词为南贬途中经金陵登赏心亭作。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋、钟振振主编．唐宋词鉴赏辞典：安徽文艺出版社，2006.10：第345页
江神子·癸亥陈和叔会于赏心亭鉴赏
上片写登临怀古，忧心国事。“七朝”三句，写作者登上赏心亭，看到江山依旧，而文物已非，想起七个朝代都在这里兴国、繁荣和灭亡的历史事实，又想到宋灭南唐完成统一，而北宋后期却国势渐衰，前车之鉴，意义尤深，故忧心忡忡。尽管江水浩瀚、水天一色，却不忍凭阑远眺了，怀古伤今的感情都凝聚在一个“莫”字上。“千古”二句，“斜阳”除写景之外，又有抒写兴亡之感的象征意义。加上“千古”二字，自寓沧桑之感。以“长安”代指“汴京”。“无处问”表示自己身在江南，心恋京阙，坐罪遭贬，欲问国事而不能。“更隔秦淮”化用杜牧《泊秦淮》诗意，“烟笼寒水月笼沙，夜泊秦淮近酒家，商女不知亡国恨，隔江犹唱后庭花。”从写情转向写景，以景寓情。与友人盘桓至深夜，秦淮月亮格外明朗，照人无眠，听到水上传来音乐声，更是感慨万千。开头以“更”字领起，意为前句的斜阳，江山已足以使人伤怀，再加上月夜、旧曲，情何以堪。
下片回思往事，嗟叹来日，国事难问，而自己命运多舛，仕途蹭蹬，双鬓已白，脸上已失去笑容，回忆起当年琵琶弹奏着动听的乐曲，似乎娓娓地诉说自己政治上的顺利，那是何等地美好。而眼下自己处于贬途，又是何等可悲。至此，作者失望已极。但失望而不绝望，最后三句，表白自己期待有朝一日，朝廷重用再回京师，使自己的仕途如断弦重续。当然这种希望是渺茫的，他心中明白，所以又复长叹“重别日，是何年？”谓此地与友人别后，何时又能重别。有重别就得先有重逢，不说重逢，而直接说重别，意思更为深沉。
上片以景结句，下片以情结句，饱含怀古伤今之情，深寓人世沧桑之感。追溯往事，寄慨身世，内容丰富，蕴藉深沉。
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陈维崧《
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南乡子·邢州道上作》
张舜民简介
唐代·张舜民的简介
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张舜民 生卒年不详，北宋文学家、画家。字芸叟，自号浮休居士，又号矴斋。邠州（今陕西彬县）人。诗人陈师道之姊夫。英宗治平二年(1065)进士，为襄乐令。元丰中，环庆帅高遵裕辟掌机密文字。元祐初做过监察御史。为人刚直敢言。徽宗时升任右谏议大夫,任职七天,言事达60章，不久以龙图阁待制知定州。后又改知同州。曾因元祐党争事，牵连治罪，被贬为楚州团练副使，商州安置。后又出任过集贤殿修撰。
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