台城
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唐代]：韦庄
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台城译文及注释
译文
江面烟雨迷濛，江边绿草如茵。六朝先后衰亡，宛如南柯一梦。江鸟哀婉啼叫，听来悲悲切切。
只有台城柳树最是无情，依旧灯笼十里长堤。
注释
台城：也称苑城，在今南京市鸡鸣山南，原是三国时代吴国的后苑城，东晋成帝时改建。从东晋到南朝结束，这里一直是朝廷台省（中央政府）和皇宫所在地，既是政治中枢，又是帝王荒淫享乐的场所。
霏霏：细雨纷纷状。
六朝：指吴、东晋、宋、齐、梁、陈。
烟：指柳树绿阴阴的，像清淡的烟雾一样。
台城创作背景
中和三年（883），韦庄客游江南，于金陵凭吊六朝遗迹，感叹历史兴亡，便成此吊古伤今之作。
参考资料：
1、吴昊．新编唐诗一百首：江苏古籍出版社，1998年10月第1版：144---145页
台城鉴赏
南京古称金陵，地处江南，“霏霏”正是状写其多雨而细密如丝的气候特征，芳草弥蔓，绿遍江岸无远不达，一个“齐”字既是形容它又点明季节，这里暗含了南朝梁·丘迟《与陈伯之书》“江南三月，暮春草长”的意思。总之，“江”、“雨”、“草”三者交衬共融，构筑出一派迷蒙清幽、如烟似雾的境界。六朝即孙吴、东晋、宋、齐、梁、陈，金陵于六朝时称建业、建康，作为它们的都城，一直为宫廷所在地和皇公贵戚的活动中心，歌舞饮宴，竞相奢靡，可谓繁盛至极，但这里也是权力角逐的之地，三百余年间战乱频繁，六个王朝迭番更代，犹如走马灯一般，教人顿生目不暇接之感，直觉兴衰遽变，短暂的豪华亦难以持作凭依。加之江南春雨朦胧、细草凄迷的气氛环境所形成的轻柔婉曼景调，这属于金陵固有节候地域呈现着的自然风貌，它们相互熏染滋润，暗暗逗出一个“梦”字。倘再作深层探究，“六朝”治乱盛亡的往事早已付诸浩浩江流，无从踪迹了，而“江雨”“江草”却是年年如此，当下映入眼帘的，又是烟笼雾罩般的暮春景色，抚今追昔，自然人事对照，怎能不满怀惆怅迷惘，顿觉一切如梦里境像呢？况且韦庄出身京兆杜陵（今陕西西安市郊）的世家大族，远祖韦待价曾为武则天朝宰相，四世祖是著名诗人韦应物，他自己却逢辰不偶，半世落拓，大唐帝国也濒临灭亡，难道就要再蹈“六朝”覆辙吗？正当潜沉到现实忧虑和历史反思的纷纭意绪中，留连踟蹰，忽地耳旁传来数声鸟啼，陡然惹起新的慨叹：鸟儿不解世事无常、治乱代变的严重，只依时序自在啼鸣，却让多情的人何以为堪？“空”字写出了因鸟声触发的感叹。
如果说前两句以总体笔墨，描摹金陵的景光风物，而情景中，只凭“梦”字轻轻透露消息；那么，后联则将目光回转到“台城”，正面点明题旨，并选择“柳”为高度凝聚的媒介形象，即景抒情，藉情统驭景，呈现了浓厚的主观指向。就像京城是全国中枢似的，台城也是金陵的中枢，皇宫和台省（中央政府）都在这里，六代倾覆的最后一幕往往于此处结束。然而，堆烟叠雾的杨柳却容颜未改，春来依旧绿遍十里长堤，一如台城豪华鼎盛时，所以说它“无情”。由于韦庄从“六朝如梦”的感受里联想到严峻的现实危机，悲悼大唐帝国的江河日下，灭亡之势已不可回，面对烟柳的生机勃勃、逢春必发景象，排遣无计中，才托辞他向，归于“台城柳”的“无情”吧。
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张耒《
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读中兴碑》
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潘大临《
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江间作四首·其三》
韦庄简介
唐代·韦庄的简介
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韦庄（约836年─910年），字端己，杜陵（今中国陕西省西安市附近）人，诗人韦应物的四代孙，唐朝花间派词人，词风清丽，有《浣花词》流传。曾任前蜀宰相，谥文靖。
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