岳阳楼
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唐代]：元稹
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岳阳楼上日衔窗，影到深潭赤玉幢。
怅望残春万般意，满棂湖水入西江。
岳阳楼译文及注释
译文
岳阳楼红日斜照楼窗，在水中的倒影，宛如一座赤玉幢。
寂寞失时地看向那残春，仿佛有着千头万绪难以表达的情意，伴随着湖水从窗子溢出并流向没有尽头的长江。
注释
岳阳楼：中国江南三大楼阁之一，位于湖南岳阳西门城楼上，面临洞庭湖。相传三国时吴国大将鲁肃曾于此建阅兵楼，唐开元四年（716），中书令张说谪守岳州时，修建此楼。
赤玉幢（chuáng）：指岳阳楼在水中的倒影，宛如一座赤玉幢。玉幢犹玉楼，指神仙居处。幢，佛教的柱状石刻，柱上有盘盖。洞庭龙女故事
怅望：寂寞失时的想望。
万般意：千头万绪难以表达的情意。万般，犹言各种况味。
棂（líng）：窗格，这里指窗。
西江：这里指长江。
参考资料：
1、全性尧，高章采，汪贤度，仓阳卿，邓长风，选注. 古诗选读 上[M]. 上海：上海古籍出版社, 1984.01.第199页
2、梅重，王涛选注. 历代山水名胜诗选[M]. 杭州：浙江摄影出版社, 1999.12.第160页
岳阳楼创作背景
此诗大约是作者于元和九年（814）往潭州（今湖南长沙）途中所作。当正值元稹接连遭贬，此次至岳阳楼却是作为潭守的从事侍宴陪游而来，心中颇有失意之慨，因而作此诗。
参考资料：
1、谢永芳编著. 元稹诗全集 汇校汇注汇评[M]. 武汉：崇文书局, 2016.04.第380-381页
岳阳楼鉴赏
登楼鸟瞰洞庭湖，碧波连天，遥望君山，气象万千。此楼历有兴废，宋滕子京重修后，以范仲淹曾作《岳阳楼记》而名闻遐迩。但是从此诗的立意及《元稹集》中有关篇目的题序看，当年作者的洞庭之行颇有失意之慨。所以此诗即不像其他诗文那样着意描绘岳阳楼的雄伟壮阔。
首句写红日斜照楼窗，这本是人们常见景象。然而诗人用一“衔”字来唤起读者的联想，便使得整个境界活跃起来。次句写楼的倒影：当太阳照射到楼窗上时，楼影落到湖中的赤玉幢上。岳阳楼的倒影映印在洞庭龙君的龙官之上。此句似包含了《柳毅传》的故事，其作者李朝威恰与元稹同时，说不定这是最早涉及龙女故事的一首诗，其新颖独到之处，不言而喻。
第三句“怅望残春万般意”，点出作者的醉翁之意不在登楼观景，而在于借以表达他在残春时节的怅然情怀，既有惜春之叹，亦有人生失意之嗟。末句“满棂湖水人西江”，不说通过窗子向外眺望一碧万顷的洞庭湖水，而是说湖水从窗子溢出并流向没有尽头的长江，这样也就巧妙地融入了诗人的主观感受。全诗着重渲染景物，只用“怅望”两字淡淡点出当时的心绪。最后以景结情，把无法排遣的怅惘愁思表达得非常含蓄婉转。
在写作上此诗与作者《行宫》诗相类似，虽然只有四句，读者不觉其短，足见手法之妙。
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元稹简介
唐代·元稹的简介
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元稹（779年－831年，或唐代宗大历十四年至文宗大和五年），字微之，别字威明，唐洛阳人（今河南洛阳）。父元宽，母郑氏。为北魏宗室鲜卑族拓跋部后裔，是什翼犍之十四世孙。早年和白居易共同提倡“新乐府”。世人常把他和白居易并称“元白”。
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