汉江临泛
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唐代]：王维
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楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通。
郡邑浮前浦，波澜动远空。
襄阳好风日，留醉与山翁。
汉江临泛译文及注释
译文
汉江流经楚塞又折入三湘，西起荆门往东与九江相通。
远望江水好像流到天地外，近看山色缥缈若有若无中。
岸边都城仿佛在水面浮动，水天相接波涛滚滚荡云空。
襄阳的风光的确令人陶醉，我愿在此地酣饮陪伴山翁。
注释
汉江：即汉水，流经陕西汉中、安康，湖北十堰、襄阳、荆门、潜江、仙桃、孝感，到汉口流入长江。诗题在元代方回的《瀛奎律髓》中题名为“汉江临眺”，临眺，登高远望。汉江从襄阳城中流过，把襄阳与樊城一分为二（合称“襄樊”），以及襄樊周围大大小小的无数城郭（包括襄阳城门外的许多“瓮城”），一个个都像在眼前的水道两旁漂浮。临泛江上，随着小舟在波澜中摇晃，感觉远处的天空都在摇动，非常恰当地扣题，写出“临泛”的独特观感。假如是“汉江临眺”，就不会有这样的感觉。所以此诗还是应题为《汉江临泛》为是。
楚塞：楚国边境地带，这里指汉水流域，此地古为楚国辖区。三湘：湖南有湘潭、湘阴、湘乡，合称三湘。一说是漓湘、蒸湘、潇湘总称三湘。
荆门：山名，荆门山，在今湖北宜都县西北的长江南岸，战国时为楚之西塞。九派：九条支流，长江至浔阳分为九支。这里指江西九江。
郡邑：指汉水两岸的城镇。浦：水边。
好风日：一作“风日好”，风景天气好。
山翁：一作“山公”，指山简，晋代竹林七贤之一山涛的幼子，西晋将领，镇守襄阳，有政绩，好酒，每饮必醉。这里借指襄阳地方官。
汉江临泛创作背景
公元740年（唐玄宗开元二十八年），时任殿中侍御史的王维，因公务去南方，途径襄阳。此诗是诗人在襄阳城欣赏汉江景色时所作。
汉江临泛鉴赏
此诗可谓王维融画法入诗的力作。
“楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通”，语工形肖，一笔勾勒出汉江雄浑壮阔的景色，作为画幅的背景。春秋战国时期，湖北、湖南等地都属于楚国，而襄阳位于楚之北境，所以这里称“楚塞”。“三湘”，一说湘水合漓水为漓湘，合蒸水为蒸湘，合潇水为潇湘，合称三湘；一说为湖南的湘潭、湘阴、湘乡。古诗文中，三湘一般泛称今洞庭湖南北、湘江一带。“荆门”，山名，在今湖北宜都县西北。“九派”，指长江的九条支流，相传大禹治水，开凿江流，使九派相通。诗人泛舟江上，纵目远望，只见莽莽古楚之地和从湖南方面奔涌而来的“三湘”之水相连接，汹涌汉江入荆江而与长江九派汇聚合流。诗虽未点明汉江，但足已使人想象到汉江横卧楚塞而接“三湘”、通“九派”的浩渺水势。诗人将不可目击之景，予以概写总述，收漠漠平野于纸端，纳浩浩江流于画边，为整个画面渲染了气氛。
“江流天地外，山色有无中”，以山光水色作为画幅的远景。汉江滔滔远去，好像一直涌流到天地之外去了，两岸重重青山，迷迷蒙蒙，时隐时现，若有若无。前句写出江水的流长邈远，后句又以苍茫山色烘托出江势的浩瀚空阔。诗人着墨极淡，却给人以伟丽新奇之感，其效果远胜于重彩浓抹的油画和色调浓丽的水彩。而其“胜”，就在于画面的气韵生动。王世贞说：“江流天地外，山色有无中，是诗家俊语，却入画三昧。”说得很中肯。而“天地外”、“有无中”，又为诗歌平添了一种迷茫、玄远、无可穷尽的意境，所谓“含不尽之意见于言外”。首联写众水交流，密不间发，此联开阔空白，疏可走马，画面上疏密相间，错综有致。
接着，诗人的笔墨从“天地外”收拢，写出眼前波澜壮阔之景：“郡邑浮前浦，波澜动远空。”正当诗人极目远望，突然间风起浪涌，所乘之舟上下波动，眼前的襄阳城郭也随着波浪在江水中浮浮沉沉。风越来越大，波涛越来越汹涌，浪拍云天，船身颠簸，仿佛天空也为之摇荡起来。风浪之前，船儿是平缓地在江面行驶，城郭是静止地立于岸边，远空是不动地悬于天际；风浪忽至，一切都动了起来。这里，诗人笔法飘逸流动。明明是所乘之舟上下波动，却说是前面的城郭在水面上浮动；明明是波涛汹涌，浪拍云天，却说成天空也为之摇荡起来。诗人故意用这种动与静的错觉，进一步渲染了磅礴水势。“浮”、“动”两个动词用得极妙，使诗人笔下之景活起来了，诗也随之飘逸起来了，同时，诗人的一种泛舟江上的怡然自得的心态也从中表现了出来，江水磅礴的气也表现了出来。诗人描绘的景象是泛舟所见，舟中人产生了一种动荡的错觉，这种错觉也正好符合诗句中的汉水的描写，所以这两个词用得极其恰当。
“襄阳好风日，留醉与山翁。”山翁，即山简，晋人。《晋书·山简传》说他曾任征南将军，镇守襄阳。当地习氏的园林，风景很好，山简常到习家池上大醉而归。诗人要与山简共谋一醉，流露出对襄阳风物的热爱之情。此情也融合在前面的景色描绘之中，充满了积极乐观的情绪。尾联诗人直抒胸臆，表达了留恋山水的志趣。
这首诗给读者展现了一幅色彩素雅、格调清新、意境优美的水墨山水画。画面布局，远近相映，疏密相间，加之以简驭繁，以形写意，轻笔淡墨，又融情于景，情绪乐观，这就给人以美的享受。王维同时代的殷璠在《河岳英灵集》中说：“维诗词秀调雅，意新理惬，在泉为珠，着壁成绘。”此诗很能体现这一特色。同时，也
表达了诗人追求美好境界、希望寄情山水的思想感情。
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杜甫《
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登岳阳楼》
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王维《
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归嵩山作》
王维简介
唐代·王维的简介
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王维（701年－761年，一说699年—761年），字摩诘，汉族，河东蒲州（今山西运城）人，祖籍山西祁县，唐朝诗人，有“诗佛”之称。苏轼评价其：“味摩诘之诗，诗中有画；观摩诘之画，画中有诗。”开元九年（721年）中进士，任太乐丞。王维是盛唐诗人的代表，今存诗400余首，重要诗作有《相思》《山居秋暝》等。王维精通佛学，受禅宗影响很大。佛教有一部《维摩诘经》，是王维名和字的由来。王维诗书画都很有名，非常多才多艺，音乐也很精通。与孟浩然合称“王孟”。
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刘克庄
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庄周言达理，吾以蝶为优。
无想亦无梦，有身长有愁。
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示子遹
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宋代：
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陆游
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家贫不学俭，物理有固然。
要是善用短，足以终其年。
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谩书 其二
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宋代：
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周邦彦
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旧识回文谱，新谐远调讴。望归朝对镜，合饮夜藏钩。
融蜡粘花蒂，烧檀暖麝油。双眉谁与画，张敞自风流。