相思
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唐代]：王维
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相思译文及注释
译文
鲜红浑圆的红豆，生长在阳光明媚的南方，春暖花开的季节，不知又生出多少？
希望思念的人儿多多采集，小小红豆引人相思。
注释
相思：题一作“相思子”，又作“江上赠李龟年”。
红豆：又名相思子，一种生在江南地区的植物，结出的籽像豌豆而稍扁，呈鲜红色。
“春来”句：一作“秋来发故枝”。
“愿君”句：一作“劝君休采撷”。采撷（xié）：采摘。
相思：想念。
相思创作背景
此诗一作《江上赠李龟年》，可见为怀念友人之作。据载，天宝末年安史之乱时，李龟年流落江南曾演唱此诗，可证此诗为天宝年间所作。
参考资料：
1、邓安生 等．王维诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1990：214-215
相思鉴赏
这是借咏物而寄相思的诗，是眷怀友人之作。起句因物起兴，语虽单纯，却富于想象；接着以设问寄语，意味深长地寄托情思；第三句暗示珍重友谊，表面似乎嘱人相思，背面却深寓自身相思之重；最后一语双关，既切中题意，又关合情思，妙笔生花，婉曲动人。全诗情调健美高雅，怀思饱满奔放，语言朴素无华，韵律和谐柔美。可谓绝句的上乘佳品。
红豆产于南方，结实鲜红浑圆，晶莹如珊瑚，南方人常用以镶嵌饰物。传说古代有一位女子，因丈夫死在边地，哭于树下而死，化为红豆，于是人们又称呼它为“相思子”。唐诗中常用它来关合相思之情。而“相思”不限于男女情爱范围，朋友之间也有相思的，如苏李诗“行人难久留，各言长相思”即著例。此诗题一作《江上赠李龟年》，可见诗中抒写的是眷念朋友的情绪。
“南国”（南方）既是红豆产地，又是朋友所在之地。首句以“红豆生南国”起兴，暗逗后文的相思之情。语极单纯，而又富于形象。次句“春来发几枝”轻声一问，承得自然，寄语设问的口吻显得分外亲切。然而单问红豆春来发几枝，是意味深长的，这是选择富于情味的事物来寄托情思。“来日绮窗前，寒梅著花未？”（王维《杂诗》）对于梅树的记忆，反映出了客子深厚的乡情。同样，这里的红豆是赤诚友爱的一种象征。这样写来，便觉语近情遥，令人神远。
第三句紧接着寄意对方“多采撷”红豆，仍是言在此而意在彼。以采撷植物来寄托怀思的情绪，是古典诗歌中常见手法，如汉代古诗：“涉江采芙蓉，兰泽多芳草，采之欲遗谁？所思在远道”即著例。“愿君多采撷”似乎是说：“看见红豆，想起我的一切吧。”暗示远方的友人珍重友谊，语言恳挚动人。这里只用相思嘱人，而自己的相思则见于言外。用这种方式透露情怀，婉曲动人，语意高妙。宋人编《万首唐人绝句》，此句“多”字作“休”。用“休”字反衬离情之苦，因相思转怕相思，当然也是某种境况下的人情状态。用“多”字则表现了一种热情饱满、一往情深的健美情调。此诗情高意真而不伤纤巧，与“多”字关系甚大，故“多”字比“休”字更好。末句点题，“相思”与首句“红豆”呼应，既是切“相思子”之名，又关合相思之情，有双关的妙用。“此物最相思”就像说：只有这红豆才最惹人喜爱，最叫人忘不了呢。这是补充解释何以“愿君多采撷”的理由。而读者从话中可以体味到更多的东西。诗人真正不能忘怀的，不言自明。一个“最”的高级副词，意味极深长，更增加了双关语中的含蕴。
全诗洋溢着少年的热情，青春的气息，满腹情思始终未曾直接表白，句句话儿不离红豆，而又“超以象外，得其圜中”，把相思之情表达得入木三分。它“一气呵成，亦须一气读下”，极为明快，却又委婉含蓄。在生活中，最情深的话往往朴素无华，自然入妙。王维很善于提炼这种素朴而典型的语言来表达深厚的思想感情。所以此诗语浅情深，当时就成为流行名歌是毫不奇怪的。
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古意》
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柳宗元《
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登柳州城楼寄漳汀封连四州》
王维简介
唐代·王维的简介
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王维（701年－761年，一说699年—761年），字摩诘，汉族，河东蒲州（今山西运城）人，祖籍山西祁县，唐朝诗人，有“诗佛”之称。苏轼评价其：“味摩诘之诗，诗中有画；观摩诘之画，画中有诗。”开元九年（721年）中进士，任太乐丞。王维是盛唐诗人的代表，今存诗400余首，重要诗作有《相思》《山居秋暝》等。王维精通佛学，受禅宗影响很大。佛教有一部《维摩诘经》，是王维名和字的由来。王维诗书画都很有名，非常多才多艺，音乐也很精通。与孟浩然合称“王孟”。
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