清平乐·谢叔良惠木犀
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
宋代]：辛弃疾
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 139
少年痛饮，忆向吴江醒。明月团团高树影，十里水沉烟冷。
大都一点宫黄，人间直恁芬芳。怕是秋天风露，染教世界都香。
清平乐·谢叔良惠木犀译文及注释
译文
回忆起年轻时曾在这里狂饮一场，酒醒了眼前是奔流的吴淞江。团团明月投下了桂树的身影，十里之外都散发着桂花的幽香。
桂花只不过有一点点宫黄之色，却给人间送来这样的芬芳。也许是她要借着秋天的风露，让香气飘散到世界的四面八方。
注释
清平乐：词牌名。双调四十六字，八句，前片四仄韵，后片三平韵。
叔良：即余叔良，作者友人。木犀（xī）：即木樨，桂树学名，又名崖桂。因其树木纹理如犀，故名。
痛饮：尽情喝酒。李白《送殷淑三首》其三：“痛饮龙筇下，灯青月复寒”。
吴江：即吴淞江，在今苏州南部，西接太湖。
团团：圆形。班婕妤《怨歌行》：“裁为合欢扇，团团似明月”。李白《古朗月行》：“小时不识月，呼作白玉盘。……仙人垂两足，桂树何团团”。
水沉：即沉香。一作“蔷薇”。杜牧《扬州三首》其二：“蜀船红锦重，越橐水沉堆。”又《为人题赠诗二首》其一：“桂席尘瑶佩，琼炉烬水沉”。
大都：不过。宫黄：指古代宫中妇女以黄粉涂额，又称额黄，是一种淡妆，这里指桂花。
直恁：竟然如此。
参考资料：
1、刘乃昌 编选．辛弃疾集．南京：凤凰出版社，2014：79-80
2、谢俊华．辛弃疾全词详注（下册）．沈阳：辽宁人民出版社，2016：452-453
3、杨 忠．辛弃疾词选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1991：172-174
清平乐·谢叔良惠木犀创作背景
辛弃疾自隆兴二年（1164）冬或乾道元年（1165）春，江阴签判任满后，曾有一段流寓吴江的生活。此词当作于辛弃疾献《美芹十论》之后，这正是他希望一展宏图的时候。
参考资料：
1、刘乃昌 编选．辛弃疾集．南京：凤凰出版社，2014：79-80
2、唐圭璋 等．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（南宋·辽·金）．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：1581-1582
清平乐·谢叔良惠木犀鉴赏
这首词写桂花，并非只是咏物，词人身世之感，隐然其中。它不专门扣住桂花题材，而是能离开桂花本身，把自己的经历结合来写，意境更为开阔，感情更加亲切，写得别有情趣。
上片忆昔。起笔回顾痛饮吴江，酒酣沉醉，醉而复醒的情景。作者从自己的游踪引入桂花。少年时有个秋夜，在吴江痛饮醒来，看见一轮明月，中间映着团团的桂树影子；江边桂树，十里花香，飘散在烟波江上，倍添清冷之气：天上人间，都笼罩在桂香桂影之中。桂花虽身世如断梗飘蓬，而意气不衰。辛弃疾年轻时游过吴江，所以他对此地颇为怀念。大概吴江两岸，当时桂花颇盛，所以他咏桂花便想起吴江之游。“少年痛饮”，实有“痛饮狂歌空度日，飞扬跋扈为谁雄”（杜甫《赠李白》）之意。“明月”句，“团团”语意双关，既指月，又指地上高大的桂树，影像丰富而优美，也符合酔中奇妙的观赏状态。词人借自己一次客中酒醒后看桂影、闻桂香的经历来写桂花，情调豪放，生动自然。“十里”句，用“水沉”来指桂花馨香，引出下片专咏桂花芳香。
上片前二句叙事，后二句写景，绘出少年辛弃疾的意气风发，雄放挥洒，情景谐和，是一幅诗中有画的境界。
词转入下片“意脉不断”，由写作者自己的经历，转到桂花本身。“大都”两句赞赏桂花，即小见大。田艺蘅《留青日扎》卷二十一：“额上涂黄，汉宫妆也。”《西神脞说》则谓“妇人匀面，惟施朱傅粉而已。至六朝乃兼尚黄。”梁简文帝《戏赠丽人诗》：“同安鬟里拨，异作额间黄。”李商隐《蝶》诗云：“寿阳宫主嫁时妆，八字宫眉捧额黄。”桂花体积小，金黄色，宛如妇女淡施“宫黄”，星星点点，可是开在人间，竟然这般芬芳。花小、色黄、香浓，正是桂花特征。这几句把桂花特征都写到，但着重写它的香味，抓住重点，与上片相呼应。最后别出新意：“怕是秋天风露，染教世界都香。”激情满怀，放言凭借秋天风露的传播，桂花会将整个世界都熏染得浓郁芬芳。江顺诒《词学集成》卷六引张砥中曰：“后结如泉流归海，回环通首，源流有尽而不尽之意”。这里正是“有尽而不尽”，词已写完，而意未尽。
此词不只是赞美桂花的芳香十里。作者一生都“志在塞北江南”，为“了却君王天下事”，而竭尽全力恢复宋室山河。旧说“招摇之山，其上多桂”（《山海经》），“物之美者，招摇之桂”（《吕氏春秋》）。无论是异香的桂花，或“纷纷如烟雾，回旋成穗，散坠如牵牛子，黄白相间，咀之无味”（《词林纪事》）卷一引）的桂子，一向是崇高、美好、吉祥的象征。李清照咏桂花词《摊破浣溪沙》云：“揉破黄金万点轻，剪成碧玉叶层层，风度精神如彦辅，太鲜明”。人们总是既称颂桂花的形态美，又赞扬它的精神美。辛弃疾以“染教世界都香”来歌赞，似隐寓有他“达则兼善天下”的宏愿的。
况周颐云：“以性灵语咏物，以沉着之笔达出，斯为无上上乘”（《蕙风词话》卷五）。此词的佳处正在于咏物与性灵融为一体，即性灵即咏物，词人将自己淡化到不露痕迹的地步，而又非沾沾然咏一物矣。全词非寄托之作，但结句并不排斥似为作者济世怀抱的自然流露。
这首词意境优美，写桂花能抓住其特征，联想自然，用词简练，不愧为词中佳品。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 192
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 201
杜甫《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 201
彭衙行》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 216
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 225
陶渊明《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 225
饮酒·十六》
辛弃疾简介
唐代·辛弃疾的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 245
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 246
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 246
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 246
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 251
辛弃疾（1140－1207），南宋词人。原字坦夫，改字幼安，别号稼轩，汉族，历城（今山东济南）人。出生时，中原已为金兵所占。21岁参加抗金义军，不久归南宋。历任湖北、江西、湖南、福建、浙东安抚使等职。一生力主抗金。曾上《美芹十论》与《九议》，条陈战守之策。其词抒写力图恢复国家统一的爱国热情，倾诉壮志难酬的悲愤，对当时执政者的屈辱求和颇多谴责；也有不少吟咏祖国河山的作品。题材广阔又善化用前人典故入词，风格沉雄豪迈又不乏细腻柔媚之处。由于辛弃疾的抗金主张与当政的主和派政见不合，后被弹劾落职，退隐江西带湖。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
次韵黄仲宣九日
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
杨公远
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
又逢重九日，七载寓僧庐。
送酒人何在，迎风帽自如。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
已亥杂诗 11
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
清代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
龚自珍
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
祖父头衔旧熲光，祠曹我亦试为郎。
君恩够向渔樵说，篆墓何须百字长。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
送友人之官
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
王汝玉
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
春山春树绿，相送去何之。拜命辞朝日，分符出守时。
花连渚宫暗，潮溯楚江迟。鼎郡彫零久，疲氓藉设施。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
论诗呈双鱼 其四
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
霍与瑕
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
国风虽离乱，时闻平淡音。降及离骚作，哀思不可任。
驰骋不可御，纵横更莫伦。遂为词赋祖，精华世所歆。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
挽京口使君丰郎中十首
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
刘宰
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
妙年意气已横秋，不为身谋为国谋。
斥去佞臣谈笑里，英名高压汉朱存。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
赠卢时赐从事
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
孙绪
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
白马金羁气浩然，客衣前日别幽燕。摇摇易水秋风外，窅窅瀛洲夕照边。
行人随处问名姓，争识卢家美少年。归来下马拜堂序，邻翁趋走肩相骈。