游赤石进帆海
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南北朝]：谢灵运
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水宿淹晨暮，阴霞屡兴没。
周览倦瀛壖，况乃陵穷发。
川后时安流，天吴静不发。
扬帆采石华，挂席拾海月。
溟涨无端倪，虚舟有超越。
仲连轻齐组，子牟眷魏阙。
矜名道不足，适己物可忽。
请附任公言，终然谢天伐。
游赤石进帆海译文及注释
译文
初夏仍然清爽暖和，小草也没有停止生长，仍是一派欣欣向荣的景象。
水上的舟船将晨暮连成一体分不清早晚，阴云和彩霞多次变换，时而阴云密布，时而彩霞满天。
遍观海边岸上的景物已觉得厌倦，何况是漂游游览。
波神使河流安静的流淌，水伯也不掀起波涛。
张帆行舟去采石华，扬帆起航去捡海月。
大海无边无际，没有载物的空船超然漂行。
鲁仲连轻视齐国的封赏，公子牟留恋王室的高官厚禄。
崇尚功是有愧于道的，适己所安，物欲是可以摆脱的。
将听从任公之言，弃功名利禄以全吾生。
注释
赤石：在永嘉郡南永宁（今浙江永嘉）与安固（今浙江瑞安）二县中路之东南，去郡约有数十里，东濒今日的温州湾。帆海，注家常以为地名，其实可商，据宋郑缉之《永嘉郡记》，“帆游山，地昔为海，多过舟，故山以帆名”，在安固县北。灵运所谓帆海之地，当在此山一带。但郑记并未说有帆海地名，因此帆海二词当是动宾结构，题意似为游览赤石，进而扬帆海上。诗的重点在帆海，游赤石只是引子。
首夏：初夏。
犹：仍然。
清和：清爽和暖。张平子《归田赋》有“仲春令月，时和气清”句，即本此而作。
亦未歇：也没有停止生长，仍是一派欣欣向荣的景象。
水宿（sù）：生活在水中，即住宿舟船之上。
淹晨暮：将晨暮连成一体，分不清早晚。
阴霞：阴云和彩霞。
屡兴没：多次变换，即或雨或晴，时而阴云密布，时而彩霞满天。《河图》：“昆仑山有五色水，赤水之气，上蒸为霞，阴而赫然。”
周览：遍观，即全都游览过了。
倦瀛蠕（yíng rú）：对海边岸上的景物已觉得厌倦。传说九州之外有大瀛海包围，故东海也可泛称为瀛。
况乃：何况是。
陵：凌驾，漂游。
川后：波神。曹植《洛神赋》：“川后静波。”
天吴：水伯。《山海经》：“朝阳之谷神日天吴，是水伯也。”
不发：不动作，不激荡，不掀起波涛。《楚辞·九歌·湘君》：“沛吾乘兮桂舟，令沅湘兮无波，使江水兮安流。”
扬帆、挂席：都是张帆行舟的意思。
石华、海月：两种可食用的海味水产。《临海水土物志》：“石华附石，肉可啖。”又：“海月大如镜，白色正圆。”
溟（míng）涨：泛指海洋。《庄子》有“北溟”“南溟”之称，李弘范注曰：“广大窕冥，故以溟为名。”谢承后《汉书》注曰：“陈茂常度涨海。”是涨亦可指海。
无端倪（ní）：无头无尾，无边无际。
虚舟：没有载物的空船。
超越：超然漂行。
仲连轻齐组：鲁仲连轻视齐国的封赏。《史记·鲁仲连传》载：齐田单攻燕聊城不下，鲁仲连乃用计迫使燕将自杀，于是聊城被破。齐君想封赏鲁仲连，而他不要封赏，逃隐于海上。组，系冠帽或印章的丝带，借指官爵。
子牟眷（juàn）魏阙（quē）：公子牟留恋王室的高官厚禄。《吕氏春秋》载中山公子牟谓詹子日：“身在江海之上，心居魏阙之下，奈何？”这里借用来讽刺假隐士。魏阙，富门外悬法之处，代指政界官场。
矜名：崇尚空名。
道不足：不足道，不值得称道。
适己：顺从自己的本性。
物可忽：万事万物（所有的功名利禄）都可以忘记。
附：依附，遵从。
任公言：指任公教导孔子的一段话，见《庄子·山木》篇，大意是直木先遭伐，甘泉先被喝，人太聪明、太惹眼，也容易首先遭到不测。孔子认为有理，就逃到大泽之中隐居起来。
终然：自然老死，全命而终。
谢：辞去，避免。
天伐：与“终然”相对，指人为因素或外力影响而致损毁夭折。
参考资料：
1、李运富编注,谢灵运集,岳麓书社,1999年08月第1版,第54页
游赤石进帆海创作背景
南亭之游后，谢灵运开始了他在永嘉境内的探奇搜胜。一方面山水并不能真正抚平他心中的幽愤；然而另一方面，山水又使他获得宣泄而趋于暂时的平衡。景平元年（423）初夏，作者由山入海，即景思昔，为表达自己全身保真的意愿，创作了这首诗。
参考资料：
1、李运富编注,谢灵运集,岳麓书社,1999年08月第1版,第54页
2、韩成武选注,少陵体诗选,河北大学出版社,2004.05,第224页
游赤石进帆海鉴赏
这首诗分三个层次，由起句到“况乃陵穷发”为第一层，写倦游赤石，进而起帆海之想。由“川后”句至“虚舟”句为第二层次，正写帆海情状与心态变化。“仲连”句以下，为第三层次，即游生想，结出顺天适己，安养天年之旨。心情的变化则是贯串全诗的主线。
“首夏”二句遥应《游南亭》诗“未厌青春好，已睹朱明移”，既点明此游节令，又显示了一种莫可如何而慰情聊胜无的复杂心情。游南亭触景生情，由春夏迭代中，深哀盛年已去，衰疾在斯。这里说，初夏了，天气总算还清爽煦和，芳草也未尝因骄阳的淫威而枯萎。可见诗人似乎已从前诗的悲感中稍稍复苏。尤可注意：“芳草犹未歇”，实反用《离骚》“及年岁之未晏兮，时亦犹其未央，恐鹈鴂之先鸣兮，使夫百草为之不芳”，则又于自幸自慰中，见出谢客这位“逐臣”的傲兀性格来。但是这种欣慰并不能维持多久，在出郡数十里南游赤石中，日复一日地水行水宿，未免单调，而阴晴的变化，云霞的出没，也因屡见而失去了新鲜之感。这滨海的周游，已使人厌厌生“倦”，更何况面临的是极北不毛之地，穷发更北的溟海呢。有人认为“况乃临穷发”是写诗人豪情勃发，顿起泛海之想，然而“况乃”二字分明承“倦瀛壖”来，见出帆海之前，诗人的心情并不甚佳。
然而当舟船沿港湾进入大海，奇景忽开，水面一平如镜，川后既令江水安流，八首八足八尾背青黄的朝阳谷神水伯天吴，虽然脾气暴虐，此时却也“静不发”，仿佛都在迎接诗人的来游。于是他高张云帆，泛舟海上，随意掇取那形如龟足的石华，那其大如镜白色正圆的海月。而当他抬头回望时，溟海无涯，心情也竟如坐下的轻舟而起凌虚凭空之想。
出涯涘而观大海，诗人之所感，必也与《庄子·秋水》中那位河伯一样，涵容无尽的海波，真使他心胸开张，一扫积日累月的烦酲。于是他即游生想，远追往古，进而悟彻了人生的至理：海上曾有过形形色色的隐者，有助齐却燕，功成辞赏而退的鲁仲连；也有“身在江海之上，心居魏阙之下”的公子年（见《庄子·让王》）。形踪虽似，而其趣迥异。后者只是矜伐虚名的假隐士，与庄子所说的“无以得殉名”（《秋水》）格格不入，有亏大道。而似鲁仲连所说“吾与富贵而诎于人，宁贫贱而轻世肆志”，才深合漆园傲吏物我两忘，适己顺天，“返其真”的至理。两者相较，诗人似乎对自己既往自负任气蹙蹙于一己得失的生活有所警省，他愿意铭记《庄子·山木》中太公任（任公）教训孔子的一段话：“直木先伐，甘泉先竭”。露才扬己，必遭天伐，唯有“削迹损势”，澡雪精神，中充而外谦，才能养生全年——这正与渊深无底，广浩无涯，却一平如镜的大海一样。诗至此，情景理完全契合无际。
方东树《昭昧詹言》曾指出，谢客博洽而尤熟于《庄》，此诗不仅取义于《庄子》，而且在构想上也有得于《秋水篇》。诗以赤石为宾，帆海为主，以“周览倦瀛壖，况乃陵穷发”与“溟涨无端倪，虚舟有超越”两联作转折顿束，遂在层曲的写景抒情中表达了出涯涘而睹汪洋所引起的精神升华，情与理与典实均能合若符契，足见谢诗结构之精。
此诗的情理又都在自然精美的写景记游中自然地体现。“扬帆采石华，挂席拾海月”，海产珍奇，而俯拾皆是，可见诗人扬帆于暖风静海中盈满心胸的恬适之感，于是下文请从任公适己顺天之想也就水到渠成了。鲍照评谢诗云“如初发芙蓉，自然可爱”（《南史·颜延之传》），正是指的这种中充实而溢于外，风华流丽而不伤于巧的语言特色。
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李商隐《
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晚晴》
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陶渊明《
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和胡西曹示顾贼曹》
谢灵运简介
唐代·谢灵运的简介
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谢灵运（385年－433年），东晋陈郡阳夏（今河南太康）人，出生在会稽始宁（今浙江上虞），原为陈郡谢氏士族。东晋名将谢玄之孙，小名“客”，人称谢客。又以袭封康乐公，称谢康公、谢康乐。著名山水诗人，主要创作活动在刘宋时代，中国文学史上山水诗派的开创者。由谢灵运始，山水诗乃成中国文学史上的一大流派，最著名的是《山居赋》，也是见诸史册的第一位大旅行家。谢灵运还兼通史学，工于书法，翻译佛经，曾奉诏撰《晋书》。《隋书·经籍志》、《晋书》录有《谢灵运集》等14种。
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题四景山水 其四
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宋代：
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邓林
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六出花开不待春，滕神工巧夺天真。野人富贵无心得，门巷璚瑶一夜新。
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同樊润州游郡东山
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唐代：
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皇甫冉
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北固多陈迹，东山复盛游。铙声发大道，草色引行驺。
此地何时有，长江自古流。频随公府步，南客寄徐州。
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至牛渚忆魏少英诗
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：
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王僧孺
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枫林暧似画，沙岸净如扫。空笼望悬石，回斜见危岛。
绿草闲游蜂，青葭集轻鸨。徘徊洞初月，浸淫溃春潦。
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上京次贡待制韵（三首）
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：
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涂颖
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蓬莱仙子学长生，群帝朝天绛节迎。
昨日六龙回北极，云裾霞佩集滦京。
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河北村题壁
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清代：
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延君寿
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烟散前林霁，茅檐罢午炊。雨多收稼晚，鸦乱定巢迟。
糁米田家饭，《豳风》壁上诗。愿将归隐意，说与牧羊儿。
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观史而倦辄成短句意或有在不复次第览者幸贷其拙云 其六
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：
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倪岳
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五代悠悠转盻间，安荣不动却如山。但知长乐全身地，大节孤忠总是闲。