即日
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唐代]：李商隐
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小苑试春衣，高楼倚暮晖。
夭桃惟是笑，舞蝶不空飞。
赤岭久无耗，鸿门犹合围。
几家缘锦字，含泪坐鸳机。
即日译文及注释
译文
小苑楼上试穿春装，斜倚栏杆观赏晚霞。
花园里桃花怒放，花丛中彩蝶双双。
远戍赤岭久无音信，鸿门一带仍被围困。
几家思妇织成锦字，机旁含泪思念亲人。
注释
①即日：当日见闻也。
②小苑：小园。
③夭（yāo）桃：娇艳的桃花。形容女子年少貌美。
④赤岭：《旧唐书·地理志》：“鄯州鄯城县有天威军，故石堡城，天宝八载更名。又西二十里至赤岭；其西吐蕃，有开元中分界碑。”耗：音信。
⑤鸿门：汉置鸿门县，其地与雁门、马邑相接，唐时河东道之边地，乌介入犯之处。
⑥缘：围绕。锦字：锦书。前秦窦滔镇守襄阳，久不还家。其妻苏蕙织锦为回文诗以赠滔，滔感其妙绝，因具车以迎苏氏。
⑦鸳（yuān）机：织锦机。
参考资料：
1、郑在瀛．李商隐诗全集 汇编汇注汇校：崇文书局，2015：第253页
2、张碧波 邹尊兴．新编唐诗三百首课程：黑龙江人民出版社，1984：第773页
即日创作背景
这首五律作于唐武宗会昌二年（842年）春天。《旧唐书·武宗纪》：“会昌二年八月，回纥乌介可汗过天德，俘掠云、朔、北川。”朝廷征发许、蔡、汴、济等六镇之师讨伐。会昌三年春，义山在京守母丧，感叹时事而作此诗。
参考资料：
1、郑在瀛．李商隐诗集今注：武汉大学出版社，2001：第287页
即日鉴赏
前四句描绘贵家女子无忧无虑，悠闲得意的生活情景。这位贵家妖姬袅袅婷婷登上高楼，面对着楼下小巧玲珑、花草繁茂的花园，无忧无虑地在那里试着春衣，然后倚靠栏杆，观赏着夕阳映照下姹紫嫣红的春景。一个“试”字，传神地写出她那对镜穿衣、左顾右盼、搔首弄姿、顾影自怜的情态，大有“照花前后镜，花面交相映”的意味；一个“倚”字，又活画出她那雍容不迫、悠闲自得的闲情逸致，仿佛陶醉在“夕阳无限好”的爽心悦目之中，令人想到王昌龄笔下“闺中少妇不知愁，春日凝妆上翠楼”的诗意。如果说首联只是纯用白描手法的人物写实，那么颔联则是用比兴手法进一步以景托情：“夭桃唯是笑，舞蝶不空飞。”上句化用《诗·周南·桃夭》中“桃之夭夭，灼灼其华”句意，以暗示贵妇年少色盛、充满着青春的欢笑；下句化用杜诗“穿花蛱蝶深深见”（《曲江二首》）和“留连戏蝶时时舞”（《江畔独步寻花七绝句》）诗意，以喻富家夫妻团圆欢聚的幸福，恰如彩蝶双飞，她没有别的妇女那种形单影只的空虚。妙在两句既写出贵妇登楼所见：园中桃红柳绿、莺飞蝶舞的景物，又以景喻人，衬托出贵妇青春韶华的欢乐、伉俪谐守的幸福，似景似人，妙合无痕。修辞上运用借喻，双关物我，意蕴丰富而形象生动；又暗中用典，如盐溶水，自然巧妙而不露痕迹。“夭桃”而能“含笑”，着一“笑”字，不仅园中景物全活，而且人物情态毕肖：在贵妇欢乐得意的眼中，“夭桃”也是“巧笑倩兮”。“舞蝶”之飞，着“不空”一词加以限制，顿然耐人寻味。暗示出贵妇得天独厚的优越幸福感，与下文征妇的“含泪”恰成鲜明对照。且对仗中嵌进“唯是”、“不空”这类虚词，使“夭桃”之笑，“舞蝶”之飞的意态更臻传神。
颈联和尾联则换了另一副笔墨，描写出征人之妻的幽思哀怨。“赤岭久无耗，鸿门犹合围”。诗人笔锋陡然一转，思接边陲，“视通万里”。“赤岭久无耗，鸿门犹合围”这两句正写当时时事：上句说远戍赤岭一带防御吐蕃的征人久无音耗，归期无日；下句说鸿门一带仍被回鹘军队所围困，战争正在进行。这既是思妇“含泪”哀怨的思绪，也表现出诗人对时局的隐忧。在意脉上与前四句形成陡转，章法上亦有不同：前四句写贵妇于国事了无牵挂的悠闲自得，是实写；此二句写征人之妻遥思边境丈夫音沉信杳、生死难卜之忧，则是虚写。在时空的拓展上也产生了大幅度的跳跃：“久无耗”与“犹合围”暗示出时间之久远；“赤岭”、“鸿门”与“小苑”、“高楼”，则显示出空间之殊异。此联对仗也见工巧，“鸿”谐音“红”，与“赤”同为颜色，构成真假对，而“赤岭”与“鸿门”又是地名对。尾联再挽回笔锋写眼前现实：“几家缘锦字，含泪坐鸳机”。这两句承颈联而言：正因为边疆战士久无音信，生死不明，致使多少家中思妇因为锦书难寄，只能坐在织锦书的鸳机旁边含泪思念远戍的丈夫，那针针线线，经纬交织的锦书，凝聚着思妇多少相思、忧虑和哀怨。
此诗描写两种闺情，除使用对比映衬手法之外，在遣词设色上，接受了齐梁宫体诗艳丽工巧的影响，但内容密切联系时事，风格也不流于浮艳柔靡。在某种意义上，不妨说是对齐梁宫体的一种改造。
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韩偓《
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青春》
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李璟《
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望远行·碧砌花光照眼明》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
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李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
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周之琦
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五湖空约，为迷津、翻学鸱夷生计。钓艇渔舟频唤取，替却駪駪征骑。
蕙带徐搴，荪桡缓荡，万顷玻璃碎。青溪几折，晚风吹梦无际。
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百法庵次载叔韵 其二
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宋代：
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韩淲
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日迟无处著诗狂，寄傲僧窗小小房。一阵杨花风澹荡，试回清梦到池塘。