渡江云·山阴久客一再逢春回忆西杭渺然愁思
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宋代]：张炎
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山空天入海，倚楼望极，风急暮潮初。一帘鸠外雨，几处闲田，隔水动春锄。新烟禁柳，想如今、绿到西湖。犹记得、当年深隐，门掩两三株。
愁余。荒洲古溆，断梗疏萍，更漂流何处。空自觉、围羞带减，影怯灯孤。常疑即见桃花面，甚近来、翻笑无书。书纵远，如何梦也都无。
渡江云·山阴久客一再逢春回忆西杭渺然愁思译文及注释
译文
远山随着空阔的长天没入了大海，我倚着高楼遥望海天之际，风势劲急黄昏时暮潮刚刚涌起。帘外斑鸠啼叫，周围一片细雨，几处闲置的冬田，隔河对岸开台春耕，趁着春雨锄地。嫩叶如烟雾缭绕着柳梢泛出新绿，想如今，这如烟的新绿定已染得西湖翠碧。我还记得当年在湖山深处隐居，两三株杨柳将柴门掩闭。
这春色使我愁烦。荒芜的沙洲古老的江岸，枝梗断折、浮萍疏散，还要漂流到何处江湾？我自己依然感到，腰围只怕衣带减短，孤灯会照得身影瘦怯孤单。我常常怀疑自己很快能见到她那桃花般美艳的容颜，为什么她近来，反而连书信都已绝断。纵然说书信遥远，为何连梦里都不见？
注释
山阴：今浙江绍兴。
鸠：鸟名，俗称斑鸠。
动春锄：开始春耕。
禁柳：宫中的柳树，此泛指西湖一带柳树。
羞：怕。
淑：浦，水边。
断梗：用桃梗故事。
一帘鸠外雨：听帘外雨中鸠声。
古溆：古水浦渡头。
桃花面：指佳人。
渡江云·山阴久客一再逢春回忆西杭渺然愁思创作背景
这是一首伤离念远的怀旧词，当作于元世祖至元三十年（1293年）。作者自辛卯（1291年）南归，至己亥（1299年）回杭州之前，多居山阴（今浙江绍兴），所以自称“山阴久客”。又云“一再逢春”，说明此词当为南归二年以后所作，时年作者已四十七岁。
参考资料：
1、百度百科.搜韵网
渡江云·山阴久客一再逢春回忆西杭渺然愁思鉴赏
这是一首赠友词。开头三句写极目远望之景。近处，则是一幅春雨催种的田园图画。“新烟禁柳”转而遥想杭州临近清明时的景象，“荒城”三句折回眼前情事，勾出书远梦无的沉痛怅惘。全词一气呵成，时空组接，道尽游子客中的伤春伤别之情。
这首词是作者客居江阴时，追忆杭州旧游之作。上片以景出情，由此及彼，点出思念杭州西湖美景之意。先写远景，起二句为倒装句，“山空入海”，及“倚楼望极”所见。山耸春空，天登大海，起势十分壮阔。“一帘”三句写雨中春耕的农村风光，清丽生动。生活气息很浓。“想”字是关键，触景生情，引出下文。下片自伤羁旅漂泊，抒怀人之情。前半化用桃梗与沈约两个典故写自己的漂泊与瘦弱，“长疑”以下揭示主旨，点明怀人之意。先写认为很快可见到恋人。结果没有见到。不但不见人，反而连信也没有；既然没有信便退一步，想做梦见一见，可是连梦也做不成，层层转折，越转越深，且又是人常历之生活情境，故极有艺术感魅力。张炎本是贵公子，世代生活在杭州，家中有园林声伎。宋亡之后家资丧尽，四处漂泊，杨缵曾称他为“佳公子，穷诗客”。故其对杭州有特殊的感情。全词由眼前之景联想到西湖之景，再由自己之愁思而想到西湖之恋情，娓娓道来，意脉清晰，层次井然。是词林艺苑之佳作。
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王世贞《
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忆江南·歌起处》
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郑燮《
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张炎简介
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张炎（1248年－1320年），字叔夏，号玉田，晚年号乐笑翁。祖籍陕西凤翔。六世祖张俊，宋朝著名将领。父张枢，“西湖吟社”重要成员，妙解音律，与著名词人周密相交。张炎是勋贵之后，前半生居于临安，生活优裕，而宋亡以后则家道中落，晚年漂泊落拓。著有《山中白云词》，存词302首。张炎另一重要的贡献在于创作了中国最早的词论专著《词源》，总结整理了宋末雅词一派的主要艺术思想与成就，其中以“清空”，“骚雅”为主要主张。
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