柳梢青·吴中
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宋代]：仲殊
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岸草平沙。吴王故苑，柳袅烟斜。雨后寒轻，风前香软，春在梨花。
行人一棹天涯。酒醒处，残阳乱鸦。门外秋千，墙头红粉，深院谁家？
柳梢青·吴中译文及注释
译文
江岸草青沙平，吴王故都的池苑内，柳丝袅娜，斜烟飘逝。雨后寒气已轻，风中花香清幽，春分时节，梨花如雪。
行人乘船漂泊天涯，酒醉醒来，只见残阳西沉，乌鸦乱飞。一户人家的门外立着秋千，墙头闪过红粉佳人的身影，这是谁家的深院？
注释
吴王故苑：春秋时吴王夫差游玩打猎的园林。
柳袅烟斜：指柳条细长柔弱，轻烟随风斜飘。
风前香软：谓春暖花开，香气飘溢。
一棹天涯：一叶轻舟芷江水上飘摇。棹，划船工具。此处代指船。
柳梢青·吴中鉴赏
宋人黄升《唐宋诸贤绝妙词选》说：“仲殊之词多矣，佳者固不少，而小令为最。”这位本叫张挥的杭州吴山宝月寺和尚，小词写得玲珑剔透，清新俊雅，脍炙人口。
他一落笔，就写“岸草平沙”。这里既无动词，又只列出“岸草”、“平沙”两种场景，可它给我们展现了秀美迷人的画面：江岸两旁绿草如茵，绿草后面是平坦如镜的细沙。在这个画面是中，一个“岸”字提示我们，只有在江中船上了。这一点，直到下片方才点明，然而在起笔中已有所暗示，其间草蛇灰线，一脉贯通，可见词人炼字遣意之精炼、含蓄，构思布局之严谨、巧妙。
可以想象，舟中之人沿着吴江一路看去，其间该见到多少美景，他却一概略去，只突出了“吴王故苑，柳袅烟斜”。吴王夫差纳美女西施，在吴县西南灵岩山上筑馆娃宫让她住。“故苑”，今吴县灵岩山的灵岩寺即其旧址。词人面对吴王故苑，只见柳条细长柔弱，轻烟随风斜飘。景色仍是这么美好，而吴王却已成历史的陈迹，字里行间隐含着风景不殊而人事全非的感慨。
词人就在沉醉于山光水色之间，感慨于历史兴亡之时，发现一阵轻雨之后寒意淡淡，微风过处芳香柔和，原来大好春色正在那千万朵明丽似雪的梨花上，“雨后寒轻”等三句，写江南吴中的春景如诗似画，韵味十足。第一句，写出江南早春的特色和给人的感受；第二句，则抓住了吴中地区春暖花开、香气飘溢的典型场景；第三句紧承前两句而来，描画出雨过风软之际梨花怒放的迷人景象。春在哪里，春在梨花，这是一个奇特而又入理的发现。辛弃疾说：“城中桃李愁风雨，春在溪头荠菜花。”（《鹧鸪天》），那也是一个创造性的发现，不过还是受到了仲殊和尚的启发。
“一棹”犹言一桨。“天涯”，形容极远的地方。“一棹天涯”，划一下桨就到了极远的地方，不仅写出了风顺舟轻，水流极快，而且词人陶醉于大好春色的轻快心境也正寓含其中。他是那样的无拘无束，放浪天涯，任舟飘流，活画出这位四海为家的浪漫和尚的神态来。
“酒醒处，残阳乱鸦”既说“酒醒”，那么在舟行之时，词人一面陶醉于山光水色、一面开怀畅饮不觉醉倒的狂放情景，也就不言而喻。待到酒醒时一看，一轮夕阳冉冉欲下，成群暮鸦聒噪乱飞。这儿把酒醉初醒时所见的江南春暮的景色渲染一笔，用语洗炼，形象鲜明；其中的“残”、“乱”字，又把春色撩人、忽感迟暮的恍惚心境，不着痕迹地流露出来，可谓融情入景、情景交融。
“门外秋千，墙头红粉，深院谁家？”词人正为春残日暮而心神迷离之际，突然发现了人间还有比自然景色更加动人的春景，使得词人更加神往而深深陶醉了。“红粉”，本为妇女所需，用来称妇女，秋千荡到墙门之外，墙的上部露出了荡秋千姑娘的倩影，所以引得词人发出痴问：这是谁家深院的姑娘，看来似乎岔出了描写吴中春景的本题，实则这才是大自然中最美好最动人的春色。因此词人这一问，可说是画龙点睛之笔，它不仅深化了主题，而且刻画了词人精神一振的神态，揭示了词人向往着青春生活的秘密。而以问作结，无须作答，更使全词留有一种悠然不尽的神韵。
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章良能《
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小重山·柳暗花明春事深》
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夏完淳《
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婆罗门引·春尽夜》
仲殊简介
唐代·仲殊的简介
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北宋僧人、词人。字师利。安州（今湖北安陆）人。本姓张，名挥，仲殊为其法号。曾应进士科考试。生卒年不详。年轻时游荡不羁，几乎被妻子毒死，弃家为僧，先后寓居苏州承天寺、杭州宝月寺，因时常食蜜以解毒，人称蜜殊；或又用其俗名称他为僧挥。他与苏轼往来甚厚。徽宗崇宁年间自缢而死。
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