浪淘沙·写梦
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清代]：龚自珍
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好梦最难留，吹过仙洲。寻思依样到心头。去也无踪寻也惯，一桁红楼。
中有话绸缪，灯火帘钩。是仙是幻是温柔。独自凄凉还自遣，自制离愁。
浪淘沙·写梦译文及注释
译文
美好的梦境最难留住，梦中我到了仙人居住的地方。现在回味起来，那梦境依旧留在心头。梦中的情事在醒来后消失无踪，只能向空寻觅，我对此已经习惯，尚记得梦中出现的那一角红楼。
在那梦中的红楼上，我和那个人细细密语，灯火荧荧，帘钩低垂。这般温柔的场景如幻境，又如仙境。醒来后只剩下我一个，孤独又凄凉，只得独自排遣这离别的愁绪。
注释
浪淘沙：词牌名，原唐时教坊曲名，又名“卖花声”，双调五十四字，上下片各五句四平韵。
仙洲：海上的仙境。
依样：按照梦中的形状。
一桁（héng）：一座，一排。桁：梁上的横木。
绸缪：缠绵，情意深厚。
遣：排遣。
参考资料：
1、薛玉坤，鞠婷，何抗著．古小词精华：苏州大学出版社，2012：第268页
2、龚自珍著；侯荣荣解评．龚自珍集：三晋出版社，2008：第147页
浪淘沙·写梦创作背景
龚自珍自嘉庆十五年（1810年）开始填词，嘉庆十七年（1812年），其外祖父段玉裁已看到龚自珍的《怀人馆词》三卷，《红禅词》二卷。后来，龚自珍将《红禅词》删定为《无著词选》。根据《无著词选》中词作的排列顺序，大致可判断此词作于嘉庆十五年前后，是其二十岁左右初学填词时之少作。=
参考资料：
1、龚自珍著；侯荣荣解评．龚自珍集：三晋出版社，2008：第147页
浪淘沙·写梦鉴赏
托梦写情。“好梦最难留”，劈空而来，情势完足，醒入耳目，总摄全篇。至少包含三层意思：作者曾有个美好的梦，美梦已经逝去，十分怀恋它。“最难留”，是因为最想留，加深了“好梦”所表现的感情。这句是极丰富的个人情感的凝缩，是对古今中外人们某些感情生活经验的概括，是作者最深沉的感叹。读之使人回味再三，产生强烈的共鸣。作者声称写梦，但那发自肺腑的感喟却使人疑梦为真。“吹过仙洲”，好梦都是短的。作者的好梦象一阵风，就那么容易吹走了。风吹好梦飞越大海到了神仙居住的小岛。“仙洲”写梦的归宿，显示梦的美和对它逝去的伤感。也许作者希望它在“蓬莱宫中日月长”吧。词写到这儿，象似一首乐曲已近尾声，又象主人公在凝神思考。“寻思依样到心头。”“寻思”，承首句怀恋好梦的含义，写寻梦。“依样”，依照那个梦境的样子。这句是说，作者想念着那好梦，把它又完好地唤了回来。可见对好梦的印象之深，突出了“好”字。但这句重要的作用是强调下文写的梦境。
“去也无踪寻也惯”，回应首句好梦已逝的含义，并解释了“依样”。因为作者经常重温这好梦，已完全纯熟。每当想起它，眼前首先浮现的是“一桁红楼”。这是复道行空、楼阁玲珑的非凡去处。交待了好梦的环境和在这环境中的佳人。应指出，作者始终没直接写伊人，只用环境烘托。既然是好梦，则主人公爱之，那么这梦决非只有景观。人不是追随环境的，环境之可人，总因为这环境中有合意的人。且“红楼”是富贵女子居处，说有佳人无误。
“中有话绸缪，灯火帘钩”，“中”字把上下阕紧密连接起来。自然，这“中”是指红楼之中。它有一种明显的效果，就是把作者和词境的距离拉长了。似乎作者超然物外地在观察想象人间情侣的奥妙。那红楼中的人有说不完的话，缱绻缠绵。不知不觉已到夜阑灯上时，银钩乍摘，宝帘轻放。这两句看似不经心不用力，其实恰是以浓墨重彩画出了难忘的一幕。作者与词境不即不离，所写则不好凿实。
“是仙是幻是温柔”，由前面描写梦境的远景、中景推向近景，但却移开了镜头。用梦幻般的感受代替了实写。“仙”“幻”“温柔”又象从不同角度状写佳人的超凡绰约的风姿和妩媚柔和的天性。这个词句等于三个判断句，可以说表现了多方面的美，但不如说表现出一种难以说清的美感。三个形容词前都用判断词“是”，反而不能表达明确的判断，使人感到一种选择不到最恰当的词的困惑，言有尽意犹未尽。
“独自凄凉还自遣，自制离愁。’’写好梦已远远离去，只剩自己孤独寂寞。梦醒后加倍的凄凉使作者感到重压，但排遣它还要靠自己。这凄凉之感其实就是离愁别绪。揭示离愁的主旨已经水到渠成。“自制离愁”承以上词意，明写离愁，但偏用“自制”否定了它的实有，说这不同于一般的离愁，只不过是自己心造的幻影，是自己编制的美好情境。又归结到写梦。刚露出真实的端倪，又及时遮掩过去。闪闪烁烁，似是而非，读来颇有山重水复之感。实际上，写离愁是本词的主旨。
这首词依感情的起落、转承显示层次，写得节奏鲜明，意脉贯通，跌宕有致，摇曳多姿。以梦境为中心，有如叙述自己生活里曾有的一个美好的故事。围绕这个故事，写出自己的感触。词意虽影影绰绰，但合作者的主张：“古来情语爱迷离”，且不失具有一种艨胧之美。
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王蕴章《
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龚自珍简介
唐代·龚自珍的简介
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龚自珍（1792年8月22日～1841年9月26日）清代思想家、文学家及改良主义的先驱者。27岁中举人，38岁中进士。曾任内阁中书、宗人府主事和礼部主事等官职。主张革除弊政，抵制外国侵略，曾全力支持林则徐禁除鸦片。48岁辞官南归，次年暴卒于江苏丹阳云阳书院。他的诗文主张“更法”、“改图”，揭露清统治者的腐朽，洋溢着爱国热情，被柳亚子誉为“三百年来第一流”。著有《定庵文集》，留存文章300余篇，诗词近800首，今人辑为《龚自珍全集》。著名诗作《己亥杂诗》共315首。
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郁郁哀牢岭，悠悠戛洒江。风清民抱朴，寨老树传邦。
万物存灵魄，千年佑土庞。花街生妙趣，卜少试新腔。
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寄士彦佥宪十绝 其一
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清代：
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刘鹗
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城郭荒村处处同，五羊楼观倚晴空。时平若建麒麟阁，更画何人第一功？