卖花声·雨花台
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清代]：朱彝尊
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衰柳白门湾，潮打城还。小长干接大长干。歌板酒旗零落尽，剩有渔竿。
秋草六朝寒，花雨空坛。更无人处一凭栏。燕子斜阳来又去，如此江山。
卖花声·雨花台译文及注释
译文
衰败的杨柳围绕着建康城，潮水打着建康清凉山的石头，早成了个空城，只得寂寞的返回。城南有条名叫小长干的古巷，连接着大长干古巷，唱歌按节拍的鼓扳。酒旗到处飘扬，往日多么繁华。可如今已经零落尽了，只剩下垂钓的鱼竿。
六朝建都的南京，如今一片衰败荒寒，从前天花降落的地方，而今只留下空荡荡的坛台。独自一人在此处凭栏远眺。燕子在斜阳里翩翩飞舞，归来又飞去，江山却是依旧如此。
注释
卖花声：词牌名，即“浪淘沙”。原唐时教坊曲名，双调五十四字，上下片各五句四平韵。
雨花台：在南京中华门（旧称聚宝门）外聚宝山上。相传梁云光法师在这里讲经，感天雨花，故称雨花台。雨，降落。
白门湾：南京临江地方。白门，本古建康城的外门，后指代南京。
城：这里指古石头城，在今南京清凉山一带。
小长干、大长干：古代里巷名，故址在今南京城南。
寒：荒凉。
燕子斜阳：化用刘禹锡《乌衣巷》诗意。原诗是：“朱雀桥边野草花，乌衣巷口夕阳斜。旧时王谢堂前燕，飞入寻常百姓家。”
参考资料：
1、袁世硕．中国古代文学作品选简编 下：中国人民出版社，2015.01：725-726
2、朱敦源．中华散曲365首精华今译：东北朝鲜民族教育出版社，1993.10：376
3、徐寒．历代古词鉴赏 下：中国书店，2011.06：637
卖花声·雨花台创作背景
南京是六朝都城，是历史上著名的金粉繁华之地。明太祖朱元璋建都南京。南明福王也以南京为首都。可是清兵南下时，南京遭到了严重的破坏。作者在明清易代之际，正好游览雨花台，便通过对金陵城满目荒凉、衰败景色的描绘，借对六朝的追溯来表达对明朝的哀怨，于是便写下了该首词。
参考资料：
1、于非．高等师范学校文科教材 中国古代文学教程作品选 下册：云南教育出版社，1988.08：278
2、史创新．古代诗歌精品阅读·高中卷：辽宁教育出版社，2002.02：173
卖花声·雨花台鉴赏
词的上片一开头，作者便调动读者的视觉与听觉，让人们看到的是“衰柳”，听到的是冰冷的潮水打着空城而退去声音。看上去作者是在写景，而实际上就像传感系统一样，作者非常敏锐地从“衰柳”上，从冷潮中，感到了苍凉冷落，并且把自己这种深沉的感慨，透露和传导给了读者。
接着，作者举目远眺：“小长干接大长干。歌板酒旗零落尽，剩有渔竿。”放眼望去，小巷大街依旧，而歌板声却零零落落，以至子听不到了；酒帘子稀稀疏疏，以至于看不见了，只有孤寂的渔人在垂钓寒江。写街巷不着笔于市鹰、铺面、人烟，而以“歌板酒旗”来点染。看上去，作者好像信手拈来似的，而实际上是从大量的事物中提炼出来的，是从前人的诗句中锻铸出来的。朱彝尊把“歌板酒旗”集中起来，先之以“零落”来描写，继之以“尽”字来述说：寥寥几笔便抹去了古都金陵昔日的歌舞升平，而造成一个萧条幽僻的境界，手法多么简炼、自然。
词的下片以“秋草”起笔，点出了时序，这也与上片的“衰柳”遥相呼应，构成了一幅凋零衰败的画面。作者由眼前所见，回溯金陵的往昔。“六朝”的繁华不复存在了，就像那“秋草”一样枯萎了。“六朝寒”，凝练地概括了漫长的兴衰史，一个“寒”字，把视觉与感觉勾通起来，透露了作者吊古伤今的叹哨之情。写雨花台而着一“空”字，进而又写“空”到了“更无人”的地步。这就是说，此时此地，除了自己，再也没有别的人了。然而，作者就在这种特定的环境中，独自倚着栏杆眺望的。
接下去，一笔陡转，在“斜阳”里倏地飞来了“燕子”，让人精神为之一振，觉得似乎有了生机。然而，遗憾的是这燕子却是“来又去”了。看来，连燕子都感到雨花台衰败荒凉，到了不堪栖息的地步了，何况是人呢。这真是在绝无写处又生出了妙笔。最后，作者以“如此江山”直抒胸臆，把全部感慨着落在这四个字上。
该词字字深含兴亡交替的感慨，句句流露世事变迁的叹息，全篇意境深远浑厚，情思忧戚缠绵。可以说全篇整体写景，又是整体抒情，景含情深，情以景出。笔力遒劲而醇雅，化用前人旧句，自然和谐，殊不见斧凿痕。
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刘迎《
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乌夜啼·离恨远萦杨柳》
朱彝尊简介
唐代·朱彝尊的简介
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朱彝尊(1629～1709)，清代诗人、词人、学者、藏书家。字锡鬯，号竹垞，又号驱芳，晚号小长芦钓鱼师，又号金风亭长。汉族，秀水（今浙江嘉兴市）人。康熙十八年（1679）举博学鸿词科，除检讨。二十二年（1683）入直南书房。曾参加纂修《明史》。博通经史，诗与王士祯称南北两大宗。作词风格清丽，为浙西词派的创始者，与陈维崧并称朱陈。精于金石文史，购藏古籍图书不遗余力，为清初著名藏书家之一。
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王称
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完山有鸣鸟，其声一何哀。死别徒已矣，生离当告谁。
圣人出应期，玉烛耀九垓。三殇无怨苛，四表罔不谐。
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偈六十九首 其六十五
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宋代：
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释道宁
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摩竭正令，未免崎岖。少室垂慈，早伤风骨。腰囊挈锡，辜负平生。
炼行灰心，递相钝致。争似春雨晴，春山青。白云三片五片，黄鸟一声两声。