阮郎归·柳阴庭院占风光
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宋代]：曾觌
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柳阴庭院占风光，呢喃清昼长。碧波新涨小池塘，双双蹴水忙。
萍散漫，絮飘飏，轻盈体态狂。为怜流去落红香，衔将归画梁。
阮郎归·柳阴庭院占风光译文及注释
译文
庭院深深，杨柳阴浓，在这美丽的环境里燕子双双终日呢喃，占尽风光，一池春水，荡漾着碧波，燕子双双掠水而过。
池塘中浮萍散漫，池塘上柳絮飘扬。落花随水流去，燕子非常怜惜，便把那一片片的落花衔到梁上的巢里去了。
注释
①阮郎归：词牌名，又名“醉桃源”“醉桃园”“碧桃春”。双调，四十七字，前段四句，四平韵；后段五句，四平韵。
②呢喃（ní nán）：形容小声说话，泛指女孩子的撒娇时的声音。
③蹴（cù）水：点水，踏水，掠水。
④萍：一年生草本植物，浮生水面，叶子扁平，表面绿色，背面紫红色，叶下生须根，开白花，称“浮萍”。
⑤飘飏（yáng）：飘扬，飘动飞扬。
⑥衔（xián）：含着，用嘴叼。
⑦画梁：有彩绘装饰的屋梁。
参考资料：
1、《青少年课外读物》编写组编．唐诗·宋词·元曲 6：时代文艺出版社，2004.01：1434
2、《彩绘经典.国学篇》编委会编．唐宋词(4)：阳光出版社，2015.05：44
阮郎归·柳阴庭院占风光创作背景
据周密《武林旧事》卷七记载，南宋孝宗乾道三年（1167年）三月初十，宋孝宗陪太上皇宋高宗，至后苑赏花，“回至清妍亭看茶蘼，就登御舟，绕堤闲游。倚阑闲看，适有双燕掠水飞过，传旨令曾觌赋之，遂进《阮郎归》。”可见这是奉旨填词。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋等著 ．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（南宋·辽·金卷）：上海辞书出版社，1988年版：1313
阮郎归·柳阴庭院占风光鉴赏
邹祗谟《远志斋词衷》说：“咏物固不可不似，尤忌刻意太似。取形不如取神，用事不若用意。”此词深得其中之昧。处处说燕，而终篇无一燕字。说它写得不像，却很像；说它像，却又不太像，妙在似与不似之间，取其神而不袭其貌。词人主要通过烘托、陪衬等方法，迂回曲折地描写燕子所处的环境，燕子的声音、动作和体态；同时还借助了明喻和暗喻等手法。词的起首二句先写环境，后写声音。庭院深深，杨柳阴浓，渲染了庭院的深邃静。在这寂静的环境中，唯有双双紫燕，终日呢喃，神态上这就突出了词中的主体。不径说燕子，仅以“呢喃”二字，从声音上勾画出它的特点，接着后面两句，也以同样的结构，先写环境，后写动作，只是词人的眼先已庭院移到池塘。
一池春水，雨后新涨，碧波荡漾，境极美矣。此时忽有双双燕子，掠水而过。这是以环境之静，烘托燕子之动，动静相宜，便产生优美的情趣。“蹴水忙”三字，可谓得燕子之神。一只燕子刚从水面上点了一下，飞了过去，紧接着又一只燕子从水面上点了一下，飞了过去……飞燕踏水，前后相续，活生生的一幅飞燕闹春图呈现于眼前。虽不言燕，而生动的燕子形象已入读者眼帘了。
过片二句，通过环境的渲染、烘托，又进一步运用明喻或暗喻摹拟燕子的形象。用比喻亦不易，“体认稍真，则拘而不畅；摹写差远，则晦而不明”（见张炎《词源》论咏物），其妙亦在似与不似之间。“萍散漫”，承上片“池塘”而来。池塘上浮萍点点，逐水飘流，映衬了空中的飞燕。“絮飘飏”承起句“柳阴”而来。既云有阴阴杨柳，自有柳絮飘飏，于中也自然地点出时当絮飞花落的暮春，与《武林旧事》所说的“三月初十日”恰相符合。柳絮在风中飘扬，烘托出燕子在天空飞翔的姿态。其体态轻盈，情韵杳眇，悠然可想。而着一“狂”字，回味无穷。
结尾二句，是全篇的警策，犹如画龙点睛，全篇因之警动。暮春时节，落红阵阵，有的飘在岸上，有的落入水中，惹人怜惜。词人说：“为怜流去落红香，衔将归画梁。”写燕子惜花，同时也将人之怜香惜艳的心情反映出来。“落花都上燕巢泥”，是李清照（一作周邦彦）《浣溪沙》中的句子。李清照早于曾觌，曾词人之根可能出于李词。然李词所的只是燕子衔泥筑巢的结果，而曾词则刻画其过程，形象更为生动，情感更加浓厚。同时，下句的“归”字与上句的“去”字，相互呼应，落花逐水而流，而多情的燕子却把它一口一口衔回画梁，筑成芳巢。这就赋予燕子以大雅不俗的性格，实际上也映射出词人自己的“心影”。这词的艺术表现手法是相当成功的。
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曹雪芹《
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终身误》
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张炎《
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清平乐·平原放马》
曾觌简介
唐代·曾觌的简介
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曾觌（音di迪）（1109-1180） 字纯甫，汴京（今河南开封）人。绍兴中，为建王内知客。孝宗受禅，以潜邸旧人，授权知阁门事。淳熙初，除开府仪同三司，加少保、醴泉观使。趋奉宫廷，词多应制之作。其词语言婉丽，风格柔媚。代表作为《阮郎归》、《水调歌头》《西江月》《定风波》（长相思》、《采桑子》、《眼儿媚》、《忆秦娥》等，其中以《阮郎归》一词为最著名。
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