竹枝词·山桃红花满上头
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唐代]：刘禹锡
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竹枝词·山桃红花满上头译文及注释
译文
春天，山上的野桃花红艳艳的开的正旺，蜀江的江水拍着旁边的悬崖峭壁。
一位姑娘看见了，认为丈夫的喜爱如同这桃花转瞬即逝，而无限的忧愁就如这源源不断的江水。
注释
山桃：野桃。
上头：山头，山顶上。
竹枝词·山桃红花满上头创作背景
这组诗一共九首，写于公元唐穆宗长庆二年（822年）刘禹锡任夔州刺史时。刘禹锡非常喜爱这种民歌，他学习屈原作《九歌》的精神，采用了当地民歌的曲谱，制成新的《竹枝词九首》，描写当地山水风俗和男女爱情，富于生活气息。
参考资料：
1、梁守中．刘禹锡诗文选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1990：36-41
竹枝词·山桃红花满上头鉴赏
头两句写眼前景色：“山桃红花满上头，蜀江春水拍山流。”上句写满山桃花红艳艳，下句写江水拍山而流，描写了水恋山的情景，这样的情景原是很美的，但对诗中的女子来讲，如此美景恰恰勾起了她的无限痛苦：“花红易衰似郎意，水流无限似侬愁。”这两句是对景抒情，用的是两个比喻：花红易衰，正像郎君的爱情虽甜，但不久便衰落；而流水滔滔不绝，正好像自己的无尽愁苦。这两句形象地描绘出了了这个失恋女子的内心痛苦。比喻贴切、动人，使人读了，不禁为这个女子在爱情上的不幸遭遇而深受感动。南唐后主李煜的《虞美人》词：“问君能有几多愁，恰是一江春水向东流。”用江水比拟亡国之痛的深沉悠长，历来被人们称为写愁的名句，其实这正是从“水流无限似侬愁”一句脱胎而来的。
这首诗和前首诗一样，用的也是民歌常用的比兴手法，先写眼前水恋山的景象，然后再用它来作比喻，抒写愁绪，从而形象地描绘出人物的内心情感。全诗比喻新颖别致，形象感强。
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刘禹锡简介
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刘禹锡（772－842），字梦得，汉族，中国唐朝彭城（今徐州）人，祖籍洛阳，唐朝文学家，哲学家，自称是汉中山靖王后裔，曾任监察御史，是王叔文政治改革集团的一员。唐代中晚期著名诗人，有“诗豪”之称。他的家庭是一个世代以儒学相传的书香门第。政治上主张革新，是王叔文派政治革新活动的中心人物之一。后来永贞革新失败被贬为朗州司马（今湖南常德）。据湖南常德历史学家、收藏家周新国先生考证刘禹锡被贬为朗州司马其间写了著名的“汉寿城春望”。
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