木兰花慢·恨莺花渐老
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宋代]：万俟咏
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恨莺花渐老，但芳草、绿汀洲。纵岫壁千寻，榆钱万叠，难买春留。梅花向来始别，又匆匆、结子满枝头。门外垂杨岸侧，画桥谁系兰舟。
悠悠。岁月如流。叹水覆、杳难收。凭画阑，往往抬头举眼，都是春愁。东风晚来更恶，怕飞红、怕絮入书楼。双燕归来问我，怎生不上帘钩。
木兰花慢·恨莺花渐老鉴赏
此词托为惜春，实际上抒写作者与一位恋人诀别的情事，其本事已不可考。
上片从惜春写起。开头三句，写春事阑珊。词首句起势不凡，为全篇定下了感恨的基调。以下三句，以夸张的手法，发出了留春无计的感叹：山崖再高，也难以阻挡春光匆匆离去的脚步；榆钱再多，也无法唤得春神的回眸眷顾。其间借“榆钱”而拈出“难买”，自然熨贴，堪称妙笔。“梅花”二句，以梅花寄恨，将惜春之情推向纵深。梅花本是报春使者，凌寒独放于百花之前，春华烂漫时与梅花作别，似乎还是左近的事，但曾几何时，它已果实盈枝了。“结子满枝头”暗用了一个故事：相传杜牧游湖州时看中一少女，与其母约定十年之内来娶。过十四年，杜牧出为湖州刺史，访该女，则已出嫁并生有两子。杜牧怅然为诗曰：“自是寻春去校迟，不须惆怅怨芳时。狂风落尽深红色，绿叶成阴子满枝！”作者化用这个典故，借以透出他伤春的个中消息。歇拍二句，便进一步揭出了这层底蕴：那垂杨画桥，柳湾兰舟，曾是他与情人幽会之所，此时风景依旧，但唯余一泓绿水，柳下无人系舟，当然再也看不到她的倩影芳姿了。以上，词人采用多种艺术手法，将离情别绪融化于物象中，颇具深婉曲折之妙。
过片四句，连用两个比喻，感叹明如流水，往事绝无重现的可能。“覆水难收”，这句成语出于《后汉书》，原本是就军国大事说的，后来用以比喻夫妻关系断绝无法恢复此处借以喻指自己与恋人相诀、欢情不再的悲哀，将上片离恨再加强化。下面就进一步展开抒写这种复杂痛苦的心情。“凭画栏”三句，写词人由于心境不佳，想凭栏眺望，以舒愁怀，但触目都是足以惹起春愁的景物，因此他不再凭栏而走入楼内。“东风”两句写词人转头不看触目伤心的残春景色，但它还是追踪而至。那吹花搅絮的东风，到傍晚更来得厉害，把落花柳絮直卷入书楼，有心再来撩惹了。结尾两句构思奇特，以拟人和问句的形式，将燕子成双的物象与主人公的孤单悲苦加以对比映衬，淋漓尽致地刻划出主人公愈怕外物引发春愁愈无法回避的痛苦境地。
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晏殊《
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渔家傲·画鼓声中昏又晓》
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吴文英《
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霜叶飞·重九》
万俟咏简介
唐代·万俟咏的简介
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万俟咏是北宋末南宋初词人。字雅言，自号词隐、大梁词隐。籍贯与生卒年均不详。哲宗元佑时已以诗赋见称于时。据王灼《碧鸡漫志》卷2记载：“元佑时诗赋老手”。但屡试不第，于是绝意仕进，纵情歌酒。自号“大梁词隐”。徽宗政和初年，召试补官，授大晟府制撰。绍兴五年(1135)补任下州文学。善工音律，能自度新声。词学柳永，存词27首。
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