望洞庭
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唐代]：刘禹锡
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遥望洞庭山水翠，白银盘里一青螺。(山水翠一作：山水色)
望洞庭译文及注释
译文
秋夜明月清辉，遍洒澄净湖面，湖面平静无风，犹如铁磨铜镜。
遥望美丽洞庭的湖光山色。真的令人浮想联翩。那翠绿的君山，真像银盘里的一枚玲珑青螺。
注释
洞庭：湖名，在今湖南省北部。
湖光：湖面的波光。两：指湖光和秋月。和：和谐。指水色与月光互相辉映。
潭面：指湖面。镜未磨：古人的镜子用铜制作、磨成。这里一说是湖面无风，水平如镜；一说是远望湖中的景物，隐约不清，如同镜面没打磨时照物模糊。
山水翠：也作“山水色”。山：指洞庭湖中的君山。
白银盘：形容平静而又清的洞庭湖面。白银：一作“白云”。青螺：这里用来形容洞庭湖中的君山。
参考资料：
1、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010：344
2、梁守中．刘禹锡诗文选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1990：24-25
3、李静 等．唐诗宋词鉴赏大全集．北京：华文出版社，2009：154
4、周笃文 高志忠 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：851-852
望洞庭创作背景
《望洞庭》作于长庆四年（824年）秋。刘禹锡贬逐南荒，二十年间去来洞庭，据文献可考的约有六次。其中只有转任和州这一次，是在秋天。而此诗则是这次行脚的生动纪录。
参考资料：
1、周笃文 高志忠 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：851-852
望洞庭鉴赏
诗中描写了秋夜月光下洞庭湖的优美景色。微波不兴，平静秀美，分外怡人。诗人飞驰想像，以清新的笔调，生动地描绘出洞庭湖水宁静、祥和的朦胧美，勾画出一幅美丽的洞庭山水图。表现了诗人对大自然的热爱，也表现了诗人壮阔不凡的气度和高卓清奇的情致。
诗从一个“望”字着眼，“水月交融”、“湖平如镜”，是近望所见；“洞庭山水”、“犹如青螺”，是遥望所得。虽都是写望中景象，差异却显而易见。近景美妙、别致；远景迷潆、奇丽。潭面如镜，湖水如盘，君山如螺。银盘与青螺相映，明月与湖光互衬，更觉情景相容、相得益彰。诗人笔下的君山犹如镶嵌在明镜洞庭湖上一颗精美绝伦的翡翠，令人美不胜收。其用词也极精到。
首句描写澄彻空明的湖水与素月青光交相辉映，俨如琼田玉鉴，是一派空灵、缥缈、宁静、和谐的境界。表现出天水一色，玉字无尘的融和画面。“和”字下得工炼，表现出了水天一色、玉宇无尘的融和的画境。而且，似乎还把一种水国之夜的节奏——演漾的月光与湖水吞吐的韵律，传达给读者了。
第二句描绘湖上无风，迷迷蒙蒙的湖面宛如未经磨拭的铜镜。“镜未磨”三字十分形象贴切地表现了千里洞庭风平浪静、安宁温柔的景象，在月光下别具一种朦胧美。因为只有“潭面无风”，波澜不惊，湖光和秋月才能两相协调。否则，湖面狂风怒号，浊浪排空，湖光和秋月便无法辉映成趣，也就无有“两相和”可言了。
第三、四句诗人的视线从广阔的湖光月色的整体画面集中到君山一点。在皓月银辉之下，洞庭山愈显青翠，洞庭水愈显清澈，山水浑然一体，望去如同一只雕镂透剔的银盘里，放了一颗小巧玲珑的青螺，十分惹人喜爱。诗人笔下秋月之中的洞庭山水变成了一件精美绝伦的工艺美术珍品，给人以莫大的艺术享受。“白银盘里一青螺”，真是匪夷所思的妙句。此句的擅胜之处，不止表现在设譬的精警上，还表现了诗人壮阔不凡的气度和寄托了诗人高卓清奇的情致。在诗人眼里，千里洞庭不过是妆楼奁镜、案上杯盘而已。举重若轻，自然凑泊，毫无矜气作色之态，这是十分难得的。把人与自然的关系表现得这样亲切，把湖山的景物描写得这样高旷清超，这正是诗人性格、情操和美学趣味的反映。没有荡思八极、纳须弥于芥子的气魄，没有振衣千仞、涅而不缁的襟抱，极富有浪漫色彩的奇思壮采。
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望庐山瀑布》
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李白《
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独坐敬亭山》
刘禹锡简介
唐代·刘禹锡的简介
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刘禹锡（772－842），字梦得，汉族，中国唐朝彭城（今徐州）人，祖籍洛阳，唐朝文学家，哲学家，自称是汉中山靖王后裔，曾任监察御史，是王叔文政治改革集团的一员。唐代中晚期著名诗人，有“诗豪”之称。他的家庭是一个世代以儒学相传的书香门第。政治上主张革新，是王叔文派政治革新活动的中心人物之一。后来永贞革新失败被贬为朗州司马（今湖南常德）。据湖南常德历史学家、收藏家周新国先生考证刘禹锡被贬为朗州司马其间写了著名的“汉寿城春望”。
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湘波一尺阻东西，湘草湘烟入望迷。碧海相看消镜雪，丹经何术炼银泥。
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