游山西村
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宋代]：陆游
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从今若许闲乘月，拄杖无时夜叩门。
游山西村译文及注释
译文
不要笑农家腊月里酿的酒浑浊不醇厚，丰收的年景农家待客菜肴非常丰盛。
山峦重叠水流曲折正担心无路可走，忽然柳绿花艳间又出现一个山村。
吹着箫打起鼓春社的日子已经接近，布衣素冠，淳朴的古代风俗依旧保留。
今后如果还能乘大好月色出外闲游，我一定拄着拐杖随时来敲你的家门。
注释
腊酒：腊月里酿造的酒。
足鸡豚（tún）：意思是准备了丰盛的菜肴。足：足够，丰盛。豚，小猪，诗中代指猪肉。
山重水复：一座座山、一道道水重重叠叠。
柳暗花明：柳色深绿，花色红艳。
箫鼓：吹箫打鼓。春社：古代把立春后第五个戊日做为春社日，拜祭社公（土地神）和五谷神，祈求丰收。
古风存：保留着淳朴古代风俗。
若许：如果这样。闲乘月：有空闲时趁着月光前来。
无时：没有一定的时间，即随时。叩（kòu）门：敲门。
参考资料：
1、鹤鸣．陆游经典作品选．重庆：西南师范大学出版社，1995：5
2、陈国林．高中生必背古诗文：龙门书局出版社，2012年8月：78
游山西村创作背景
此诗作于公元1167年（宋孝宗乾道三年）初春，当时陆游正罢官闲居在家。然而他并不心灰意冷。他在农村生活中感受到希望和光明，并将这种感受倾注到自己的诗歌创作里。此诗即在故乡山阴（今浙江绍兴市）所作。
参考资料：
1、邓韶玉．宋诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1987：922-923
游山西村鉴赏
这首一首纪游抒情诗，是陆游的名篇之一。前三联主要写了外界情景，并和自己的情感相融。
首联渲染出丰收之年农村一片宁静、欢悦的气象。“足鸡豚”一个“足”字，表达了农家款客尽其所有的盛情。“莫笑”二字，道出诗人对农村淳朴民风的赞赏。
颔联写山间水畔的景色，写景中寓含哲理，千百年来广泛被人引用。如此流畅绚丽、开朗明快的诗句，仿佛可以看到诗人在青翠可掬的山峦间漫步，清碧的山泉在曲折溪流中汩汩穿行，草木愈见浓茂，蜿蜒的山径也愈益依稀难认。正在迷惘之际，突然看见前面花明柳暗，几间农家茅舍，隐现于花木扶疏之间，诗人顿觉豁然开朗。其喜形于色的兴奋之状，可以想见。当然这种境界前人也有描摹，这两句却格外委婉别致。读过此联后，人们会感到，在人生某种境遇中，与诗句所写有着惊人的契合之处，因而更觉亲切。这里描写的是诗人置身山阴道上，信步而行，疑若无路，忽又开朗的情景，不仅反映了诗人对前途所抱的希望，也道出了世间事物消长变化的哲理。于是这两句诗就越出了自然景色描写的范围，而具有很强的艺术生命力。
此联展示了一幅春光明媚的山水图；颈联则由自然入人事，描摹了南宋初年的农村风俗画卷。读者不难体味出诗人所要表达的热爱传统文化的深情。“社”为土地神。春社，在立春后第五个戊日。农家祭社祈年，满着丰收的期待。节日来源与《周礼》。苏轼《蝶恋花·密州上元》也说：“击鼓吹箫，却入农桑社。”可见到宋代还很盛行。陆游在这里更以“衣冠简朴古风存”，赞美着这个古老的乡土风俗，显示出他对吾土吾民之爱。
尾联诗人故而笔锋一转，表明诗人已“游”了一整天，此时明月高悬，整个大地笼罩在一片淡淡的月光之中，给春社过后的村庄也染上了一层静谧的色彩，别有一番情趣。于是这两句从胸中自然流出：但愿从今以后，能不时拄杖乘月，轻叩柴扉，与老农把酒言欢，此情此景，不亦乐乎。一个热爱家乡与农民亲密无间的诗人形象跃然纸上。
诗人被罢归故里后，心中难免有抑郁不平之气。相较于虚伪的官场，家乡纯朴的生活自然会产生无限的欣慰之情。此外，诗人虽貌似闲适，却仍心系国事。秉国者目光短浅，无深谋长策，然而诗人并未丧失信心，深信总有一天否极泰来。这种心境和所游之境恰相吻合，于是两相交涉，产生了传诵千古的“山重”“柳暗”一联。
陆游这首七律结构严谨，主线突出，全诗八句无一“游”字，而处处切“游”字，游兴十足，游意不尽。又层次分明。尤其中间两联，对仗工整，善写难状之景，如珠落玉盘，圆润流转，达到了很高的艺术水平。
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上一首：
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钱福《
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明日歌》
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下一首：
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李白《
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赠汪伦》
陆游简介
唐代·陆游的简介
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陆游（1125—1210），字务观，号放翁。汉族，越州山阴（今浙江绍兴）人，南宋著名诗人。少时受家庭爱国思想熏陶，高宗时应礼部试，为秦桧所黜。孝宗时赐进士出身。中年入蜀，投身军旅生活，官至宝章阁待制。晚年退居家乡。创作诗歌今存九千多首，内容极为丰富。著有《剑南诗稿》、《渭南文集》、《南唐书》、《老学庵笔记》等。
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明代：
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王世贞
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裁呼小草便无闻，祇为惭他誓墓文。若道长安车马色，春风吹作五陵云。