临江仙·资善堂中三十载
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宋代]：晏殊
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资善堂中三十载，旧人多是凋零。与君相见最伤情。一尊如旧，聊且话平生。
此别要知须强饮，雪残风细长亭。待君归觐九重城。帝宸思旧，朝夕奉皇明。
临江仙·资善堂中三十载译文及注释
译文
在资善堂一直呆了三十年，旧的朋友都过世了。跟您相见最让人伤感，一杯酒还没有喝一点，只顾在叙述平生的经见。
这一次在微风残雪的长亭上分别要勉强饮酒，待您回去觐见侍奉皇帝时，再怀想旧时的美好光景。
注释
临江仙：双调小令，唐教坊曲名，后用为词牌。《乐章集》入“仙吕调”，《张子野词》入“高平调”。五十八字，上下片各三平韵。约有三格，第三格增二字。柳永演为慢曲，九十三字，前片五平韵，后片六平韵。
资善堂：宋朝培育官才的学堂。
凋零：引中为过世。
觐：朝拜天子。
九重：官禁。
帝宸：帝王住的地方、宫殿。
参考资料：
1、李志敏编著．宋词名家名篇鉴赏 超值珍藏版：京华出版社，2011.01：第64页
临江仙·资善堂中三十载创作背景
这是一首送别友人之作，也是《珠玉词》中可以考证出确切写作年代的作品。庆历八年（1048），这时，他罢相后由知颍州（今安徽阜阳），徙知陈州（今河南周口地区）。本年正月，范仲淹自邓州（今河南邓县）移杭州，路过陈州，拜谒晏殊，欢饮数日，此词即这次送别范仲淹之作。
参考资料：
1、费振刚主编 陶尔夫 杨庆辰著,,,,．中国历代名家流派词传 晏欧词传：吉林人民出版社，1999：第172页
临江仙·资善堂中三十载鉴赏
词之起句，或先写景后抒情，或先抒情后写景，或情景俱到。盖触景而生情，缘情而后托意，若发端便直叙其事，处理不好往往流于平板呆滞。沈雄在《柳塘词话》中云：“起句言景者多，言情者少，叙事者更少。”这是词家一般应遵循的经验之谈。晏殊这首词却一避熟路，起句叙事，以逞其妙。“资善堂中三十载，旧人多少凋零。”点明地点“资善堂”，时间“三十载”。“凋零”一词下得切人肺腑，使上句顿增厚意。经过几十年风风雨雨，旧人多与草木一样化为尘土，加一“多”字修饰，可见幸存者无几了。“洛阳旧友一时散，十年会合无二三”（欧阳修《圣俞会饮》）十年尚且如此，三十年也肯定是如此。今日与君相见真属意外，伤情悲伤。这意义丰富，它曲折地告诉读者，“最”字，含平日伤情之事很多，而在众多的伤心事之中以“与君相见”为“最”了。表明词人与旧友的感情之深、相见之难了，为相别作为铺垫。“一尊如旧”承，’旧人多是凋零”而发，人变而物如旧，以不变之物突出凋零多变之人生。当然，阔别数十载，一旦相见，当有说不完叙不尽的心酸事，但“聊且话平生”，话未出口即戛然而正，仕途不顺，苦难太多而难以倾吐，还是相见日浅所叙不多，多少难以直陈的隐曲尽在这不言之中。
下片以一“别”字承接上文，又领起下文，乃这首词主眼，它把上下片连锁在一起，点明词人与旧友的相会，既是相见，又是相别。“相见时难别亦难”。历经三十载而相遇，可见相见之难，故而离别之尤觉之不易，相会已属罕逢，而相见即相别，更觉别之难舍难分。此时此刻，欲饮而不能饮，欲醉而不能醉，满腔感慨尽倾于“强饮”之中。“雪残风细长亭”，得力处突入一景语，使旧友重逢的凄黯心理因景物的烘托而愈见突出。残雪寒风，长亭送别，更添离别的凄凉之气，时间、地点、人物、景物巧妙地结合，起到了景语皆情语的妙用。最后三句，从未别写到再相逢于京城，是词人对朋友的宽慰之词。实际上，是“归魏”还是“凋零”完全取决于皇帝，皇帝思旧则可以留京，反之则如何，其结局是不言而明的。晏殊虽称太平宰相富贵词人，也曾多次被贬职离京，屡见迁徙。因此对旧友的坎坷仕途深表同情，同时，也流礴出对朝廷的不满，这在词人的词作中实是少有。
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纳兰性德《
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荷叶杯·知己一人谁是》
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晏殊《
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临江仙·资善堂中三十载》
晏殊简介
唐代·晏殊的简介
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晏殊【yàn shū】（991-1055）字同叔，著名词人、诗人、散文家，北宋抚州府临川城人（今江西进贤县文港镇沙河人，位于香楠峰下，其父为抚州府手力节级），是当时的抚州籍第一个宰相。晏殊与其第七子晏几道（1037-1110），在当时北宋词坛上，被称为“大晏”和“小晏”。
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