西江月·断送一生惟有
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宋代]：黄庭坚
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老夫既戒酒不饮，遇宴集，独醒其旁。坐客欲得小词，援笔为赋。
断送一生惟有，破除万事无过。远山横黛蘸秋波，不饮旁人笑我。
花病等闲瘦弱，春愁无处遮拦。杯行到手莫留残，不道月斜人散。
西江月·断送一生惟有译文及注释
译文
我既然戒了酒就不唱了，在筵席上大家都在喝，我一个人在看。在座的客人要我填首小词，我就提笔来写。
我这一生都是被酒断送了，但除去万事也没有什么过错。现在身边的陪酒美女都非常漂亮，我要是不喝酒，她们就笑话我。
花像病了一样那么瘦弱，春天这么多忧愁无法排遣。干脆吧，酒杯都送到手里，还是别留着它了，喝吧。管什么月斜人散呢！
注释
西江月：原为唐教坊曲，后用作词调。《乐章集》《张子野词》并入“中吕宫”。五十字，上下片各两平韵，结句各叶一仄韵。
宴集：宴饮集会。
坐客：座上的客人。坐，通“座”。
援笔：执笔，提笔。
断送，犹言度过。破除：亦指度过、消磨之意。此二句以集句歇后“酒”字。
远山横黛，指眉毛。蘸（zhàn），原意为物体沾染液体。此字向被称为传神之字。秋波，眼波，此写敬酒女子的眉眼神情。
等闲：无端。
遮拦：排遣。
不道：犹不思，不想。此为反辞，谓“何不思”。
参考资料：
1、吴熊和．唐宋词精华（上）．西安：太白文艺出版社，2001：607
2、侯 磊．宋词中的大宋．合肥：安徽人民出版社，2013：110
西江月·断送一生惟有创作背景
黄庭坚年轻时时嗜酒任性，玩世不恭，妻子死后，发愿戒酒吃素。后来贬谪黔州，又开戒饮酒。这首词大概作于元符二年（1099年）作者贬谪黔州之后。
参考资料：
1、楚 默．楚默全集·黄庭坚艺术论．上海：上海书店出版社，2014：373
2、高泽雄 黎安国 刘定乡．古代酒诗名篇五百首．武汉：湖北人民出版社，2014：162
西江月·断送一生惟有鉴赏
此词以作者戒酒后重又开戒饮酒之事为题材，表达了作者被贬谪后企图借酒浇愁的意念和及时行乐的狂放旷达胸怀。
开头两句“断送一生惟有，破除万事无过”破空而来。以议论破题，一扫传统词的绸缪婉转调。这一对仗句浓缩了作者的人生体验，是他阅历过人世沧桑以后产生的深沉感慨，但它又以“歇后”的形式出之，颇有出奇制胜之妙与诙谐玩世之趣。它们分别化用了韩愈的两句诗——韩愈《遣兴》云：“断送一生惟有酒，寻思百计不如闲。莫忧世事兼身事，须著人间比梦间。”又《赠郑兵曹》云：“当今贤俊皆周行，君何为乎亦遑遑？杯行到君莫停手，破除万事无过酒。”韩愈的两句诗经过他的组织，竟成为一联工整的对偶，足见点化之妙。
“远山横黛蘸秋波”句是指酒席宴上，侑酒歌女的情态。“《西京杂记》称：“（卓）文君姣好，眉色如望远山。”又，汉赵飞燕妹合德为薄眉，号“远山黛”，见伶玄《赵飞燕外传》。“秋波”则指眼波。此句“蘸”字下得奇巧，它描绘出一幅黛色远山傍水而卧的美景，引起人们对女子眉眼盈盈的联想。“远山”与“秋波”文人的笔下已被用得烂熟，而着一“蘸”字则光彩顿生，境界全出。尽管有宾客、歌女劝酒，但作者因戒酒不饮，而见笑于人，故上片以“不饮旁人笑我”作结。
下片由“不饮”转为“劝饮”，起因为对花伤春。
“花病等闲瘦弱，春愁无处遮拦。”前句写群花凋零，好似一个病躯瘦弱之人，“等闲”，意谓“无端”，显然这写的是暮春花残之时。后句写春愁撩人，无处排遣，“遮拦”即“排遣”之意。所谓“春愁”不光是指伤春意绪，而有着更深的意蕴，它是作者宦海浮沉、人生坎坷的经历中所积淀下的牢骚抑郁、愁闷不平的总和。所以接下来说：“杯行到手莫留残。”还是开怀畅饮，一醉方休吧！这一句也是化用韩愈《赠郑兵曹》中的诗句，而“留残”则又本于庚信六言诗《舞媚娘》：“少年唯有欢乐，饮酒那得留残。”末句“不道月斜人散”，“不道”意为“不思”“不想”，多用为反辞，犹云“何不思”“何不想”，此句是说何不思月斜人散后，无复会饮之乐乎。
这首词感慨世事人生，带有诙谐玩世的情趣，但又使人触摸到作者内心的愁闷抑郁，颇堪玩味。字面上明白如话，但词意却颇多转折，且处处显示出巧用成语典故的功力，故而深刻地传达出作者内心深处的隐痛。
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李白《
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胡无人》
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李白《
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赠僧朝美》
黄庭坚简介
唐代·黄庭坚的简介
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黄庭坚（1045.8.9-1105.5.24），字鲁直，号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，洪州分宁（今江西省九江市修水县）人，北宋著名文学家、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，与杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄庭坚为其中一宗）之称。与张耒、晁补之、秦观都游学于苏轼门下，合称为“苏门四学士”。生前与苏轼齐名，世称“苏黄”。著有《山谷词》，且黄庭坚书法亦能独树一格，为“宋四家”之一。
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