青玉案·至宜州次韵上酬七兄
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宋代]：黄庭坚
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烟中一线来时路。极目送，归鸿去。第四阳关云不度。山胡新啭，子规言语，正在人愁处。
忧能损性休朝暮。忆我当年醉诗句，渡水穿云心已许。暮年光景，小轩南浦，同卷西山雨。
青玉案·至宜州次韵上酬七兄译文及注释
译文
来时的路如一条细线从云烟中蜿蜒而出，极目远送大雁归去。云儿也过不了这第四重阳关。忽然听到山中禽鸟重新唱响，杜鹃鸟悲啼，这时正是我满腹愁怨的时候啊。
忧伤损性，不要早晚被它所折磨，回忆起我当年喝醉时候写下的诗句。渡过千山万水，穿过重重云海，心已许定。（只希望）暮年时候能在南浦小屋中，卷帘赏那西山之雨。
注释
第四阳关：当为宜州附近关名。
山胡：鸟名。
啭（zhuàn）：鸟婉转地叫。
子规：杜鹃。
醉时句：庭坚《夜发分宁寄杜涧叟》云：“我只自如常日醉，满川风月替人愁。”
渡水穿云：指归鸿。
轩：有窗的长廊。
参考资料：
1、（清）朱孝臧编选．思履主编,宋词三百首彩图全解详注 超值白金版：中国华侨出版社，2012.05：第171页
2、《青少年课外读物》编写组编．唐诗·宋词·元曲 4：时代文艺出版社，2004.01：第880页
青玉案·至宜州次韵上酬七兄创作背景
徽宗崇宁二年(1103)，黄庭坚因写过一篇《承天院塔记》，被人挑剔、捏造出“幸灾谤国”的罪名，被除名羁管宜州。是年冬从鄂州起程，次年春到达宜州贬所，这首诗即作于此时。
参考资料：
1、《青少年课外读物》编写组编．唐诗·宋词·元曲 4：时代文艺出版社，2004.01：第880页
青玉案·至宜州次韵上酬七兄鉴赏
上阕描绘作者复杂的心情，“烟中一线来时路”便是他这种复杂心绪的形象概括：词人风尘仆仆地长途跋涉，来到这远离京城的异地，他首先回顾的是来时的道路，而这路已为茫茫的烟尘所笼罩，只留下若有若无的一线痕迹，这便把他一刻也不想在此地勾留而急想归去，然而归期亦如归路一样渺茫难寻的复杂情怀尽现无遗。“极目送，归鸿去”，是他思归心情的又一次展露，他举目望见天际的归鸿翩飞北去，他望到它们飞向天边，飞得不见了踪影，还在引颈翘首目送那已经消失了的影子。那是因为鸿雁能归而己不能归，他多么想变成一只鸿雁离开这举目无亲的异乡呵！“第四阳关云不度”，极言此地之荒僻遥远。“阳关”本在陇西。王维《渭城曲》云：“劝君更进一杯酒，西出阳关无故人。”这里“阳关”乃借用，“第四阳关”形容此地比“阳关”还要遥远好多倍，以至天空的行云都不再飞渡，而人还得渡越此关……“山胡新啭，子规言语”形容季节的特征，尤其增加乡思的愁怀，山雀的鸣啭与子规的哀啼益发令人增加千种别意，万种愁怀。
下阕愁情惨怀的抒发，而极力自我排遣：“忧能损性休朝暮”是一句诉诸理性的语言，词人说忧愁能损伤性情，休要朝朝暮暮为它所困扰纠缠。他想起醉中曾经写过的诗句：“我自只如常日醉，满川风月替人愁。”词人愿自己常常处于酣醉状态，这样就可以从忧中解脱，而让满川风月去替他人忧愁。“渡水穿云心已许”是一句认命之词，词人千里迢迢渡水穿云飘泊异地已不止这一次，对于坎坷的命运心中已早该默认了。他自知已到暮年时光，那么便让它与自己所在的南浦小轩一同去领受西山来的风雨吧。“同卷西山雨”中的“同”字用得极妙，它把抽象的暮年光景与具象的“小轩南浦”合二为一，便使抽象意念具体化，而且给以豁达的态度迎接人世风雨的深层意识也赋予了形象性的特征。“卷西山雨”显然是从唐人王勃《滕王阁序》中的“画栋朝飞南浦云，珠帘暮卷西山雨”而来，但较之前人的名句，它增添了哲理性意蕴，因而更显得深沉蕴藉。
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黄庭坚简介
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黄庭坚（1045.8.9-1105.5.24），字鲁直，号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，洪州分宁（今江西省九江市修水县）人，北宋著名文学家、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，与杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄庭坚为其中一宗）之称。与张耒、晁补之、秦观都游学于苏轼门下，合称为“苏门四学士”。生前与苏轼齐名，世称“苏黄”。著有《山谷词》，且黄庭坚书法亦能独树一格，为“宋四家”之一。
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