满江红·屈指兴亡
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明代]：张煌言
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屈指兴亡，恨南北、黄图消歇。便几个、孤忠大义，冰清玉烈。赵信城边羌笛雨，李陵台上胡笳月。惨模糊、吹出玉关情，声凄切。
汉宫露，梁园雪。双龙逝，一鸿灭。剩逋臣怒击，唾壶皆缺。豪杰气吞白凤髓，高怀眦饮黄羊血。试排云、待把捧日心，诉金阙。
满江红·屈指兴亡译文及注释
译文
岁月无几，屈指可数，而大明版图自北到南消歇殆尽。在江山变色、民族头争尖锐激烈的年代里，坚持忠义大节的冰清玉洁的志士又有几个呢？赵信城、李陵台都曾是追歼敌人的凯旋处，或者是追思故国的望乡地，现在传来的是幽幽羌调，呜呜胡笳。曲调呜咽幽怨，声声凄厉。
汉宫、梁园的辉煌一去不复返。双龙逝，鲁王也已不在。但自己即使是逃亡之臣，依然怒击唾壶。气吞白凤髓，饮尽敌人血。排开云雾，只为向逝去的帝王表述我的忠心。
注释
赵信城：在今外蒙古真颜山。据《汉书·卫青霍去病传》，卫青追赶单于到达这里，“得匈奴积粟食军，军留一日而还，悉烧其城余粟以归。”
李陵台：在今山西大同城北五百里。据《大同府志》，相传李陵不得南归，登临此地以望汉。这里用赵信城、李陵台泛指边关。
梁园：故址在今开封东南，为汉代梁孝五所筑的名园。
双龙：唐王朱聿键和桂王朱由榔。唐王立号隆武，顺治三年（1646）在汀州遇害。桂王立号永历，康熙元年（1662）在昆明殉难。称“双龙”，因为他们建元立号，自为南明一代皇帝。
一鸿：鲁王朱以海，曾为“监国”，与永历同年死于金门。鲁王在抗清战斗中，经常漂泊浙江、福建海上，故贴切地称之为“鸿”。
眦饮：裂眦而饮，意为痛恨之极。
日心：忠心。
排云：指排开云层。
参考资料：
1、古诗文网经典传承志愿小组．白马非马译注，作者邮箱：930331075@qq.com
满江红·屈指兴亡鉴赏
“怒发冲冠，凭阑处、潇潇雨歇。”岳飞的一阙《满江红》，千古传诵，激励着多少志士仁人的壮怀。张煌言吟诵之作，不禁“仰天长啸”，步其原韵，写下了自己的《满江红》。
“屈指兴亡，恨南北、黄图消歇”。岁月无几，屈指可数，而大明版图自北到南消歇殆尽。从顺治元年（1644）到康熙三年（1664），清王朝消灭了弘光、隆武、永历等南明政权和各地的抗清斗争，一统天下。这二十年，在漫长的历史发展中，不过是一刹那。但立国二百七十多年的明王朝居然迅速覆灭，真正是憾事、恨事、伤心事。“便几个”二句，慨叹在江山变色、民族头争尖锐激烈的年代里，能够发扬民族正气，坚持忠义大节的冰清玉洁的志士，实在太少了。“赵信城边羌笛雨，李陵台上胡笳月，惨模糊，吹出玉关情，声凄切”。赵信城在今外蒙古真颜山。据《汉书·卫青霍去病传》，卫青追赶单于到达这里，“得匈奴积粟食军，军留一日而还，悉烧其城余粟以归。”李陵台在今山西大同城北五百里。据《大同府志》，相传李陵不得南归，登临此地以望汉。这里用赵信城、李陵台泛指边关。它们曾经是追歼敌人的凯旋处，或者是追思故国的望乡地，现在传来的是幽幽羌调，呜呜胡笳。“笳一会兮琴一拍，心愤怨兮无人知（汉蔡文姬《胡笳十八拍》），”羌笛何须怨杨柳，春风不度玉门关“，这凄惨的曲调，寄托着亡国之痛，沦落之苦。
过片“汉宫露，梁园雪”云云，以古喻今。汉一武帝曾在长安建章宫内建造高二十丈的铜柱，上有仙人，手捧承露盘，梁园故址在今开封东南，为汉代梁孝五所筑的名园。它们是汉家文明的代表。“露”与“雪”，既是景物，又有露易消，雪易化的含义。“黄图消歇”，附丽之物焉能独存？由此很自然地过渡到当代的政治变迁：“双龙逝，一鸿灭”。“双龙”指唐王朱聿键和桂王朱由榔。唐王立号隆武，顺治三年（1646）在汀州遇害。桂王立号永历，康熙元年（1662）在昆明殉难。称“双龙”，因为他们建元立号，自为南明一代皇帝。“一鸿”指鲁王朱以海，曾为“监国”，与永历同年死于金门。鲁王在抗清战斗中，经常漂泊浙江、福建海上，故贴切地称之为“鸿”。“黄图消歇”，君王逝去，但自己作为忠臣义士，豪气未消，即使成为“逋臣”——逃亡之世，依然怒击唾壶，壮心未已。据《晋书·王敦传》，王敦酒后往往高歌曹操的诗句：“老骥伏枥，志在千里，烈士暮年，壮心不已”，“以如意击唾壶为节，壶边尽缺”。王敦其人不足道，但他的这一举动为后人所称扬，此事也就成为有名的典故，其意义在于“烈士暮年，壮心不已”。“豪杰气吞白凤髓，高怀眦饮黄羊血”，则是“壮心不已”的形象体现，又是岳飞《满江红》“壮志饥餐胡虏肉，笑谈渴饮匈奴血”的翻换。世俗以“龙肝凤髓，豹胎鲤尾”为食中珍品，“白凤之膏，丹豹之髓”尤为贵重。眦饮，裂眦而饮，意为痛恨之极。“气吞”、“眦饮”二句，淡化了岳飞原句中原始的复仇色彩，较为雅驯。结句“试排云、待把捧日心，诉金阙”，捧日心，即忠心。唐钱起《赠阙下裴舍人》有“霄汉长悬捧日心”之句。初读之，或觉此处是岳飞“待从头、收拾旧山河，朝天阙”的同义反复，但细细体察，二词仍然有别。岳飞之“朝天阙”，义为拜见当今天子，张词之“诉金阙”，意为向逝去的帝王表述忠心。“金阙”，也可指天帝居处。张煌言作此词时，南明君主已无存者，故金阙决不会指现实世界中的帝王居处。由此可见，这首词的结尾比岳飞原作要低沉。岳飞之时，虽中原沦丧，而南宋还有半壁江山存在。张煌言晚岁，中华大地已尽入清人掌握。其词之低回沉痛。盖时势使然。
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李白《
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赠从弟冽》
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陈亮《
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小重山·碧幕霞绡一缕红》
张煌言简介
唐代·张煌言的简介
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张煌言（1620—1664年），字玄著，号苍水，鄞县（今浙江宁波）人，汉族，南明儒将、诗人，著名抗清英雄。崇祯时举人，官至南明兵部尚书。后被俘，遭杀害，就义前，赋《绝命诗》一首。谥号忠烈。其诗文多是在战斗生涯里写成，质朴悲壮，表现出作家忧国忧民的爱国热情，有《张苍水集》行世。张煌言与岳飞、于谦并称“西湖三杰”。清国史馆为其立传，《明史》有传。1776年（乾隆四十一年）追谥忠烈，入祀忠义祠，收入《钦定胜朝殉节诸臣录》。
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项炯
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江南水阔疑无地，汉北风高忽似秋。鸿雁定应惊悄悄，麒麟何许泣幽幽。
步兵阮籍唯耽酒，隐士庞公不入州。敢餍朝盘惟苜蓿，封侯浑是烂羊头。
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凤衔杯 咏秦羽阳宫瓦
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近现代：
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溥儒
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羽阳宫殿悲何处。彩云萧史同朝暮。霸业久随尘，问咸阳、可怜焦土。
祗河岳，还如故。
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除夕喜儿曹皆远归
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明代：
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梁兰
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儿曹远近俱儒仕，一在筠州一阆州。两地行程非可约，片时归计似同谋。
且从除夕尝家酝，莫问新年买客舟。代际唐虞各努力，老夫白首自无忧。