满江红·丁未九月南渡泊舟仪真江口作
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宋代]：赵鼎
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惨结秋阴，西风送、霏霏雨湿。凄望眼、征鸿几字，暮投沙碛。试问乡关何处是，水云浩荡迷南北。但一抹、寒青有无中，遥山色。
天涯路，江上客。肠欲断，头应白。空搔首兴叹，暮年离拆。须信道消忧除是酒，奈酒行有尽情无极。便挽取、长江入尊罍，浇胸臆。
满江红·丁未九月南渡泊舟仪真江口作译文及注释
译文
空阴沉愁云盘结多悲惨，西风凄凉吹送满天细雨湿江舟。抬眼望风雨凄迷归雁结成人字队，暮色里振翅兼程投宿沙漠和荒丘。铁蹄下请问我家乡在何处，江上云水相连浩浩荡荡不辨南北迷双眸。我只见一抹寒冷的青色时隐现，想必是江对岸遥远的山峦峰头。
国家破我南渡天涯飘泊江上成难客，时危艰我寸肠欲断满头白发生忧愁。空悲叹我心烦意乱搔首踟蹰郁苦恨，谁料到晚年竞与家人分散避寇仇。该相信唯有酒能消忧闷，却无奈饮酒有尽情不休。便只有引取江水入酒杯，以浇我胸中块垒万古愁。
注释
满江红：满江红，词牌名，又名《上江虹》、《念良游》、《伤春曲》。
丁未：指宋钦宗靖康二年（1127年），本年春，北宋亡。
结：凝聚。
霏霏：形容雨细密。
征鸿：飞，仨的鸿雁。
几字：指雁飞结成人字形或一字行。
沙碛：沙石浅滩。
山色：山的景色。出自唐王维《汉江临泛》：‘‘江流天地外，山色有无中。”
离拆：分散开。此指离开中原故土。
挽取：牵引。取为语助词。
尊疉（dié）：古时盛酒器具，形状似壶。
胸臆（xiōng yì）：胸襟和气度。
参考资料：
1、吴熊和．《唐宋词精华》：太白文艺出版社，2001年：第896页
2、王洪．《唐宋词精华分卷》：朝华出版社，1991年：第659页
满江红·丁未九月南渡泊舟仪真江口作创作背景
宋高宗建炎元年（1127）九、十月间，赵鼎渡江至建康，为赵构下一步定都江南作准备的。因此他泊舟仪真（今江苏仪征）江口写的这首词。
参考资料：
1、朱德才．《增订注释全宋词》：文化艺术出版社，1997年：第881页
满江红·丁未九月南渡泊舟仪真江口作鉴赏
上片不是通常的悲秋情调，而是当前的时令景色表现了北宋沦亡、中原丧乱的时代气氛。“惨结秋阴”，这秋季惨淡的阴云四布于寒空，也笼罩了作者悲凉的心头。“凄望眼，征鸿几字，暮投沙碛”。这三句既是深秋时分的江头情景，也是借雁自喻，也就是以北雁南飞暗喻自己此时的去国离乡，仓皇南渡。“沙碛”二字，暗含满眼荒寒。“试问乡关何处是，水云浩荡迷南北”，这两句词用唐崔颢《黄鹤楼》诗：“日暮乡关何处是，烟波江上使愁。”“迷”字点出心境，此时词人目断心迷，南北莫辨，有茫然无适之感。上片末两句化自王维《汉江临泛》诗“山色有无中”，和秦观《泗州东城晚望》诗“林梢一抹青如画，应是淮流转处山”。但词中“遥山”之“青”加以“寒”字，变成了“寒青”，这也是望眼凄迷所致吧。回望淮水诸山，告别中原，词人无限依恋的情意，溢于言表。
下片抒情，就以“放笔为直干”的写法，抒发作者国难当前时的忧虑之情。“天涯路，江上客。肠欲断，头应白。空搔首兴叹，暮年离拆。”建炎元年，赵鼎不过四十三岁，正委以重任，就白了头发。这是因为去年汴京失守，二帝蒙尘；当前家人分别，南北暌隔，再加上时局艰危，前途未卜，这些不能不使他肠断而头白了。“须信道”两句有两个衬字，按照词律，这两句是七字句，则“须”字（或“道”字）和“奈”字是衬字。此词下片极言亡国之恨无穷，根本不是借酒消愁所能消除得了，除非万里长江的滚滚洪流入酒杯，满怀积闷或许可以冲洗一番。结句把郁结心头的国家民族之深忧，同眼前滔滔不绝的长江合为一个整体，令人感到这种忧愁直如长江一样浩荡无涯，无可遏止。作者的爱国热情和满腔积郁不平之气，也于此尽情流露出来了。
全文上片写景，极写南渡路途凄惨。下片抒情，就以“放笔为直干”的写法，抒发作者国难当前时的忧虑之情。
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曹操《
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气出唱》
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李白《
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古风·其十九》
赵鼎简介
唐代·赵鼎的简介
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赵鼎(1085-1147)， 南宋政治家、词人。字元镇，自号得全居士。南宋解州闻喜（今属山西）人。宋高宗时的宰相。有《忠正德文集》10卷，清道光刊本。《四印斋所刻词》有《得全居士词》一卷，存词45首。
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