题岳阳楼
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唐代]：白居易
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岳阳城下水漫漫，独上危楼凭曲阑。
春岸绿时连梦泽，夕波红处近长安。
猿攀树立啼何苦，雁点湖飞渡亦难。
此地唯堪画图障，华堂张与贵人看。
题岳阳楼译文及注释
译文
岳阳城下的江水水势浩大，无边无际；独上高楼倚靠着栏杆眺望。
春天，草木的绿色与远处洞庭湖的水色相接，傍晚的彩霞与湖水中的红波交相辉映，红波近处，似乎就是国都长安。
岸边山上的老猿正站在树上哭得凄惨，天上的大雁要从这浩渺无边的湖上横空飞过还有许多困难。
这个地方风景壮阔美丽，只可画成画障，挂在贵富人家的厅堂里供他们欣赏。
注释
岳阳楼：岳阳城西门楼。唐开元年间，中书令张说为岳州刺史，常与文士登此楼赋诗，自此著名。
漫漫：大水无边无际的样子。
危楼：高楼。 凭：倚、靠。
梦泽：即云梦泽，古代面积极大，包括长江南北大小湖泊无数，江北为云，江南为梦。到唐代，一般称岳阳南边的青草湖为云梦。
图障：画幅，画幛。唐人喜画山水为屏障，张挂在厅堂上。
华堂：华丽的厅堂。 张：张挂。
参考资料：
1、张傲飞编．唐诗鉴赏辞典 宋词鉴赏辞典：高等教育出版社，2011.06：第350-351页
题岳阳楼创作背景
唐宪宗元和十四年（819）春天，四十八岁的白居易终于结束了四个年头贬谪江州（今江西九江）司马的生涯，赴任忠州（今重庆忠县）刺史。他乘船沿长江逆流而上，途经岳州（今湖南岳阳）时，登上洞庭湖畔的岳阳楼，眺望那烟波浩渺、优美如画的无边春景，写下了《题岳阳楼》。
参考资料：
1、郭杰. 美景如画情韵悠长——读白居易《题岳阳楼》[J]. 文史知识, 2015(1):17-19.
题岳阳楼鉴赏
前四句中有三句都是写洞庭湖的浩渺无边。首句“漫漫”一词将洞庭湖的浩渺写得生动形象，三、四两句对洞庭湖的广阔作了进一步的描绘。诗人眺望夕阳映照下的洞庭湖景色，不由想起了国都长安，这里暗用了晋明帝（司马绍）“日远长安近”的典故。“猿攀树立啼何苦，雁点湖飞渡亦难”一句，用“猿啼”、“雁渡”抒发诗人的漂泊流离之感，与上文“近长安”相呼应。诗的最后两句说洞庭湖风景壮阔优美，可以画成图画，让那些贵人们欣赏，这样贵人们也许可以体会到猿啼雁飞、流民逐客行旅的奔波之苦，含蓄地流露出羁旅漂泊之感和对贵人们的怨愤。
诗为登楼抒怀之作。描绘登楼所见之景，抒写对京都的思念和行旅艰难的感慨。律诗中二联，常为一联写景，一联抒情。此诗突破常格，两联皆融合情景，境界深远。“春岸”两句，更融现景与想象于一体，为人称道。
这首诗的特点是寓情于景，在描绘优美动人的景色的同时，也透过“独”、“苦”、“难”、“唯堪”等字，向读者展示了自己的内心独白。
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吴伟业《
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鸳湖曲》
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王恽《
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黑漆弩·游金山寺》
白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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