牡丹种曲
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
唐代]：李贺
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 139
莲枝未长秦蘅老，走马驮金斸春草。
水灌香泥却月盘，一夜绿房迎白晓。
美人醉语园中烟，晚华已散蝶又阑。
梁王老去罗衣在，拂袖风吹蜀国弦。
归霞帔拖蜀帐昏，嫣红落粉罢承恩。
檀郎谢女眠何处？楼台月明燕夜语。
牡丹种曲译文及注释
译文
当莲花枝干还未长出，秦蘅已经衰老，人们赶着马，驮着金子，去买牡丹花苗。
把它栽在半月形的花盆里，培上香泥，浇上水，一夜间，绿色花苞欲放，迎着拂晓。
美人们说话带着醉意，花园中轻烟缭绕，傍晚花瓣儿已经披散，蝴蝶也渐渐稀少。
老一代贵族渐渐逝去，但他们的后辈仍穿着罗衣，赏花玩乐合着《蜀国弦》的曲调。
夜幕降临，遮花的帷帐渐渐昏暗，宴席已散，粉雕玉琢的花儿也开始蔫败萎凋。
公子哥儿和小姐们都到哪儿去了，楼台上月光明亮，夜空中只有燕子叽叽叫。
注释
莲：指水中荷花。秦蘅（héng ）：香草名。秦为香草，蘅为杜衡。一说，秦为木名。
走马：骑马驰逐。《诗经·大雅·緜》：“ 古公亶父 ，来朝走马。”走：跑。斸（zhú）：挖掘，砍。春草：指牡丹。
香泥：芳香的泥土。隋江总《大庄严寺碑铭》：“木密联绵，香泥缭绕。”却月盆：半月形的花盆。
绿房：指含苞的花蕾。花未开时，花苞为绿色，故称。迎白晓：迎着黎明开放。白晓，指天刚亮的时候。
美人：指贵族男女。醉语：醉后的胡言。
散：花开之后，花瓣松散。阑：稀少。
梁王：指汉文帝的儿子梁孝王刘武，这里借指上文中“走马驮金”的老一代贵族。一说梁王是当时牡丹名贵品种的名称。罗衣：原指轻软丝织品制成的衣服。此指牡丹的花叶。
拂袖：掠过衣袖；舒展衣袖。南朝梁元帝《玄圃牛渚矶碑》：“画船向浦，锦缆牵矶。花飞拂袖，荷香入衣。山林朝市，并觉忘归。”蜀国弦：乐府相和歌辞名。又名《四弦曲》《蜀国四弦》。南朝梁简文帝、隋卢思道、唐李贺等均有此作。唐薛涛《续嘉陵驿诗献武相国》：“蜀门西更上青天，强为公歌《蜀国弦》。”
归霞：即晚霞，这是李贺特有的一种用词方式。帔（pèi）拖：晚霞拖曳着的长长影子。一说花瓣摇曳欲坠的样子。帔，古代披在肩背上的服饰。归霞帔拖，写残花之景，像衣帔下垂。蜀帐：指用精美的蜀锦制成的护花帷幕。
嫣红：艳美的牡丹花。唐李商隐《河阳诗》：“百尺相风插重屋，侧近嫣红伴柔绿。”嫣，同蔫，指花凋萎。落粉：卸妆。指花朵枯萎。承恩：受到恩宠，蒙受恩泽。唐岑参《送张献心充副使归河西杂句》：“前日承恩白虎殿，归来见者谁不羡。”
檀郎：指晋朝文人潘岳。《晋书·潘岳传》、《世说新语·容止》载：晋潘岳小字檀奴，后因以“檀郎”为妇女对夫婿或所爱幕的男子的美称。唐温庭筠《苏小小歌》：“吴宫女儿腰似束，家在钱唐小江曲，一自檀郎逐便风，门前春水年年绿。”谢女：犹谢娘。唐人惯用来泛指少女。檀郎谢女：泛指游玩赏花的贵族青年男女。
楼台：当年观花处。末二句大意：贵族的青年男女又有什么归宿呢，当年喧嚣一时的观花楼台只有燕子在明月下対语。
参考资料：
1、冯浩非 徐传武．李贺诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1991：154-156
牡丹种曲创作背景
唐贞元、元和之际，京都贵族赏玩牡丹成风，为此挥霍大量金钱。唐李肇《国史补》载：“京城贵游尚牡丹三十余年矣。每岁暮，车马若狂，以不耽乐为耻。执金吾铺官围外寺观，种以求利，一本有值数万者。”诗人李贺写下这首诗对此事进行了嘲讽。
参考资料：
1、冯浩非 徐传武．李贺诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1991：154-156
牡丹种曲鉴赏
前四句写栽种、花开。“莲枝未长秦蘅老”（秦蘅也是一种香草），点明是暮春时节，“走马驮金”是说牡丹价格之高，斸就是挖，春草就是牡丹。“水灌香泥却月盆”是说牡丹的种植环境是“香泥”和“却月（半月形）盆”；“一夜绿房迎白晓。”绿房指花苞，迎白晓指迎着黎明开放。
中间四句既写花期不久，亦写贵族富贵不常在。“美人醉语园中烟，晚花已散蝶又阑。”一句写牡丹繁盛之时国色天香，美艳动人，像娇媚的美人在园中烟雾里嫣红若语。但这个美景不常在，黎明开放晚上就花散蝶飞，极写繁荣之景之短促。“梁王老去罗衣在，拂袖风吹蜀国弦。”“梁王”指汉文帝的儿子梁孝王刘武，这里借指上文中“走马驮金”的老一代贵族。“蜀国弦”乐府曲名，代指音乐。全句说，老一代的贵族渐渐老死（势力渐微），但是他的下一代仍穿着罗衣，合着音乐赏花玩乐。
后四句接上文，继续借物寓人，以花写人。“归霞帔拖蜀帐昏，嫣红落粉罢承恩。”“归霞帔拖”写残花之景，像衣帔下垂，蜀帐即用蜀纸做的护花罩。全句说，花儿凋零，花帐也失去了光彩，嫣红的花朵飘落，失去了主人的宠爱。隐喻老一辈贵族老死，新一辈贵族失去了当权者（皇帝）的宠爱和恩泽。“檀郎谢女眠何处？楼台月明燕夜语。”檀郎：潘岳，小名檀奴，谢女：谢安蓄妓；檀郎谢女借指贵族青年男女。楼台：当年观花处。全句说：贵族的青年男女又有什么归宿呢，当年喧嚣一时的观花楼台只有燕子在明月下対语。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 192
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 201
白居易《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 201
惜牡丹花二首》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 216
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 225
薛涛《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 225
牡丹》
李贺简介
唐代·李贺的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 245
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 246
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 246
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 246
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 251
李贺（约公元791年-约817年），字长吉，汉族，唐代河南福昌（今河南洛阳宜阳县）人，家居福昌昌谷，后世称李昌谷，是唐宗室郑王李亮后裔。有“诗鬼”之称，是与“诗圣”杜甫、“诗仙”李白、“诗佛”王维相齐名的唐代著名诗人。著有《昌谷集》。李贺是中唐的浪漫主义诗人，与李白、李商隐称为唐代三李。有“‘太白仙才，长吉鬼才’之说。李贺是继屈原、李白之后，中国文学史上又一位颇享盛誉的浪漫主义诗人。李贺长期的抑郁感伤，焦思苦吟的生活方式，元和八年（813年）因病辞去奉礼郎回昌谷，27岁英年早逝。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
禅人并化主写真求赞
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
释正觉
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
妙而不有，空而不无。
坐寒床下板，步转劫前壶。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
自厦门泛舟渡台湾海中见夕阳感赋
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
俞明震
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
自浮沧海送残阳，渐觉閒身人莽苍。一掬酸辛成独往，无边天水共微光。
风樯隐隐开元气，朔雁声声吊战场。凄绝一更初魄语，故人相望涕成行。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
送别阿嫂(1) 其二
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
费墨娟
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
送客逢春可自由，心随湖水共悠悠。可能相别还相忆，一夕横塘似旧游。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
画胡
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
顾璘
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
历历尘沙貌，棱嶒怪尔殊。寒云缠毳服，猛气映虬须。
万里明王贡，群方混一图。追伤衰晋末，无力斩休屠。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
寄赵仓
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
许棐
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
麾节交迎出帝城，满朝皆羡板舆荣。一州暂辍春风暖，八郡同瞻霁月明。
吴苑莺花新管领，秦溪桃李旧生成。应怜倦卧寒窗者，煮药炉边听雪声。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
句 其三
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
吕大防
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
树向仙山老，枝经汉水燔。