阮郎归·有怀北游
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宋代]：张炎
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钿车骄马锦相连，香尘逐管弦。瞥然飞过水秋千。清明寒食天。
花贴贴，柳悬悬。莺房几醉眠。醉中不信有啼鹃。江南二十年。
阮郎归·有怀北游译文及注释
译文
金宝装饰的车子，雄赳赳的骏马，花团锦簇，络绎不绝。笙箫在吹，筝琶在奏，扬起了一路香尘。墙头池畔，不时掠过秋千的影子，正是清明寒食的时节。
盛开的花儿挤着挨着，碧绿的柳条脉脉低垂，我在那位人儿的屋子里喝醉了酒，酣然睡去，总有好几回了。那时候，我在沉醉中，哪里相信会有“不如归去”的事呢？然而，我到底又回到江南来了，而且已经整整二十年！
注释
阮郎归：词牌名。调名用刘晨、阮肇故事。唐教坊曲有《阮郎迷》，疑为其初名。又名《醉桃园》等。双调四十七字，平韵格。
钿（diàn）车：用金宝装饰的车子，古代富贵人家女子或歌女所乘。
瞥（piē）然：一闪而过。
贴贴：挤挨的样子。
莺房：指歌女的房间。
啼鹃：古人认为杜鹃鸟的叫声像“不如归去”。 “不信有啼鹃”意指不相信会分手而归。
参考资料：
1、刘斯奋译著．刘斯奋诗译宋四家词选 姜夔 张炎：广东教育出版社，2009年：第204-205页
阮郎归·有怀北游创作背景
张炎经历国亡家破的惨变后，一生中为躲避元朝廷的征召到处流浪。约在元世祖至元二十七年（1290年） 九月，张炎为元朝廷征召，与好友曾心传、沈尧道一起由杭州到大都，此次入京约有半年的光景。这就是词题中所说的“北游”。作者离京二十年之后，为追怀京都生活写下该词。
参考资料：
1、林力、肖剑．宋词鉴赏大典 （上、中、下卷）：长征出版社，1999年：第1754-1755页
阮郎归·有怀北游鉴赏
该词上片写大都的盛况。“钿车骄马锦相连，香尘逐管弦。”写大都街上，车马豪华，多不胜数，前后相连，络绎不绝。起首一句表明士女欢游，场面豪华热烈。次句用“香尘”、“管弦”进一步描绘游乐活动之盛，同时又谊染了气氛，使之更表现出盛况空前。“瞥然，飞过水秋干，清明寒食天。”“水秋千”原指南方在秋千架上翻筋斗跳水的一种游戏，在这实指与此相仿的北方的荡秋干。突然间，见秋千荡起，才醒悟到原来是清明寒食节。《天金遗事》载：天宝宫中至寒食节竟筑秋千，令宫嫔辈戏笑以为宴乐，帝（玄宗）呼为半仙之戏，都中士民相与仿之。流传民间，使寒食节以秋千为戏。以此作者可知是寒食节。短短几句，钿车、骄马、香尘、管弦和飞动的水秋千，组成了一幅“清明寒食天”的宏观景象图。
词的下片写词人追怀京都生活中与一位女郎的一段缠绵往事。“花贴贴，柳悬悬。莺房几醉眠。”“莺房几醉眠”，可见词人与“莺房”的女主人关系非同一般。“花贴贴，柳悬悬“正表现了两人缠绵的生活。“醉中不信有啼鹃”，“啼鹃”是悲苦的象征，杜鹃啼血既是悲苦，又是离别的象征。作者不相信与那位女郎会有离别悲苦之事，不相信会离开她。但事与愿违，终又劳燕分飞，天隔方，只能将深深的思念留在京都，直至二十年后还时常想起，“江南二十年”即是写此。有人考证词中女郎可能是张炎的老相识，杭州歌妓沈梅娇。
全词充满作者对过去美好生活的回忆，为更好地表现那段生活，作者择选了《阮郎归》的词牌调，使语句韵味十足，词调形成一种优美的“节奏流”，语言、情感如流水般自然倾泻，内容和形式达到了和谐统一。
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回乡偶书二首》
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杜甫《
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城西陂泛舟》
张炎简介
唐代·张炎的简介
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张炎（1248年－1320年），字叔夏，号玉田，晚年号乐笑翁。祖籍陕西凤翔。六世祖张俊，宋朝著名将领。父张枢，“西湖吟社”重要成员，妙解音律，与著名词人周密相交。张炎是勋贵之后，前半生居于临安，生活优裕，而宋亡以后则家道中落，晚年漂泊落拓。著有《山中白云词》，存词302首。张炎另一重要的贡献在于创作了中国最早的词论专著《词源》，总结整理了宋末雅词一派的主要艺术思想与成就，其中以“清空”，“骚雅”为主要主张。
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