东坡
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宋代]：苏轼
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雨洗东坡月色清，市人行尽野人行。
莫嫌荦确坡头路，自爱铿然曳杖声。
东坡译文及注释
译文
雨点纷落，把东坡洗得格外干净，月亮的光辉也变得清澈。城里的人早已离开，此处只有山野中人闲游散步。
千万别去嫌弃这些坎坷的坡路不如城里平坦，我，就是喜欢这样拄着拐杖铿然的声音。
注释
野人：泛指村野之人；农夫。
荦确：怪石嶙峋貌，或者坚硬貌。
铿然：声音响亮貌。
东坡鉴赏
东坡是一个地名，在当时黄州州治黄冈（今属湖北）城东。它并不是什么风景胜地，但对作者来说，却是灌注了辛勤劳动、结下深厚感情的一个生活天地。宋神宗元丰初年，作者被贬官到黄州，弃置闲散，生活很困窘。老朋友马正卿看不过眼，给他从郡里申请下来一片撂荒的旧营地，苏轼加以整治，躬耕其中，这就是东坡。诗人在此不只经营禾稼果木，还筑起居室——雪堂，亲自写了“东坡雪堂”四个大字，并自称东坡居士了。所以，他对这里是倾注着爱的。
诗一开始便把东坡置于一片清景之中。僻冈幽坡，一天月色，已是可人，又加以雨后的皎洁月光，透过无尘的碧空，敷洒在澡雪一新、珠水晶莹的万物上，这是何等澄明的境界！确实当得起一个“清”字。谢灵运写雨后丛林之象说：“密林含余清”。诗人的用字直可追步大谢。
诗人偏偏拈出夜景来写，不是无谓的。这个境界非“市人”所能享有。“日中为市”，市人为财利驱迫，只能在炎日嚣尘中奔波。唯有“野人”，脱离市集、置身名利圈外而躬耕的诗人，才有余裕独享这胜境。唯幽人才有雅事，所以“市人行尽野人行”。这读来极其自然平淡的一句诗，使我们不禁从“市人”身上嗅到一股奔走闹市嚣尘的喧闹气息，又从“野人”身上感受到一股幽人守志僻处而自足于怀的味道，而那自得、自矜之意，尽在不言中。诗人在另一首诗里说：“也知造物有深意，故遣佳人在空谷。”那虽是咏定惠院海棠的，实际是借海棠自咏身世，正好帮助我们理解这句诗所包含的意境。
那么，在这个诗人独有的天地里，难道就没有一点缺憾吗？有的。那大石丛错、凸凹不平的坡头路，就够磨难人的了。然而有什么了不起呢？将拐杖着实地点在上面，铿然一声，便支撑起矫健的步伐，更加精神抖擞地前进了。没有艰险，哪里来征服的欢欣！没有“荦确坡头路”，哪有“铿然曳杖声”！一个“莫嫌”，一个“自爱”，那以险为乐、视险如夷的豪迈精神，都在这一反一正的强烈感情对比中凸现出来了。这“荦确坡头路”不就是作者脚下坎坷的仕途么？作者对待仕途挫折，从来就是抱着这种开朗乐观、意气昂扬的态度，绝不气馁颓丧。这种精神是能够给人以鼓舞和力量的。小诗所以感人，正由于诗人将这种可贵的精神与客观风物交融为一，构成浑然一体的境界；句句均是言景，又无句不是言情，寓情于景，托意深远，耐人咀嚼。同一时期，作者有《定风波》词写在风雨中的神态：“莫听穿林打叶声，何妨吟啸且徐行。竹杖芒鞋轻胜马，谁怕？一蓑烟雨任平生。”与此诗可谓异曲同工，拿来对照一读，颇为有趣。
诗的第一段，通过景物描写，突出当时的静。说明作者对田园生活的热爱，对世俗名利的不屑，但愿长醉山水间之意。
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王绩《
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范成大《
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春日田园杂兴》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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